The story of the sun, moon, and starsGiberne, Agnes
Science
The story of the sun, moon, and stars
Giberne, Agnes
Astronomy -- Juvenile literature
With this great space in our rear, we come upon another large and
radiant planet, the center, like Jupiter, of another little system;
though it can only be called “little” in comparison with the much
greater Solar System of which it forms a part.
Saturn’s diameter is less than that of Jupiter, but the two come near
enough to be naturally ranked together. Nearly seven hundred earths
would be needed to make one globe as large as Saturn. But here again
the dense and cloudy envelope makes us very uncertain about the
planet’s actual size. Saturn is like Jupiter in being made of lighter
materials than our earth; and also in his rapid whirl upon his axis,
the length of his “day” being only ten and a half of our hours.
From Jupiter’s speed of eight miles each second, we come down in the
case of Saturn to only five miles each second. And Jupiter’s long
annual journey looks almost short, seen beside Saturn’s long journey
of thirty earthly years. A man aged sixty, according to our fashion of
reckoning time, would on Saturn have just kept his second birthday.
The system or family of Saturn is yet more wonderful than that of
Jupiter. Not five only but eight moons travel ceaselessly round Saturn,
each in its own orbit; and in addition to the eight moons, he has
revolving round him three magnificent rings. These rings, as well as
the moons, shine, not by their own brilliancy, for they have none, but
by borrowed sunlight. The farthest of the moons wanders in his lonely
pathway about two millions of miles away from Saturn. The largest of
them is believed to be about the same size as the planet Mars. Of the
three rings circling round Saturn, almost exactly over his equator, the
inside one is dusky, purplish, and transparent; the one outside or over
that is very brilliant; and the third, outside the second, is rather
grayish in hue.
Another vast gap--more enormous than the last. It is a wearisome
journey. From the orbit of Jupiter to the orbit of Saturn at their
nearest points, was five times as much as from the sun to the earth.
But from the orbit of Saturn to the orbit of Uranus, the next member of
the sun’s family, we have double even that great space to cross.
Still, obedient to the pulling of the sun’s attractive power, Uranus
wanders onward in his wide pathway round the sun, at the rate of four
miles a second. Eighty-four of our years make one year of Uranus.
This planet has four moons, and thus forms a third smaller system
within the Solar System; but he may have other satellites also, as yet
undiscovered. In size he is seventy-four times as large as our earth.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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