The story of the universe. Volume 1 (of 4) : $b The starry skies
History
The story of the universe. Volume 1 (of 4) : $b The starry skies
Astronomy; Earth (Planet); Natural history
The one that naturally arises in our mind is that it was struck by
another star. Two worlds, each moving at the rate of twenty miles
a second, come into collision, and the result is the annihilation
of both. The force of their impact, changed into heat, drives their
elements into vapor. Such a catastrophe is quite possible in a
universe like ours, where stars and worlds, millions and millions
in number, sweep down the great avenues of space with a velocity far
beyond our comprehension.
We take it that when the crack of doom comes to this earth of ours
it will be in this fashion. Some great dark star will strike our sun
fair and square, and then in the twinkling of an eye, before the
inhabitants of earth know what has taken place, sun and moon and
planet will be wrapped up and dissolved in an atmosphere of fire.
We can in a certain rough way compute the increase in temperature
that would arise from the collision of two great orbs. Thus, let
us suppose that Nova Persei was moving onward through space with a
velocity of ten miles a second—a moderate velocity, be it noted, for
a star—when it collided with the body that wrought its destruction.
The impact would be terrific, and the result of it would be not
only the complete disintegration of both stars, but a sudden rise
in temperature of about five hundred thousand degrees, an increase
sufficient to vaporize the hardest adamant.
The second theory which has been suggested as explanatory not only
of Nova Persei, but of all new stars, is a modification of the
foregoing. This theory is that the new star in its flight through
space suddenly plunged into a nebula, or into some portion of
space denser than that through which it had already passed. This
explanation is not only intelligible but reasonable. If the new star
plunged into a region filled with matter even as rare as air, the
friction would immediately set the star on fire. We see the same
phenomenon every night when a meteor hustles through our atmosphere.
The meteoric rocks, with the chill of empty space in and around them,
dash into our upper air. A few seconds are ample for the practical
annihilation of most of them: in that brief space of time they have
been subjected to a heat many times greater than that of a Bessemer
furnace.
We can imagine Nova Persei as some monster meteor, a meteor larger
than the sun, plunging into a gaseous mass somewhat like our air. In
a few hours its temperature would be increased a million-fold. This
increase would fill the surrounding space with fire, and there would
be an immense and ever-increasing area at fervent heat.
To the mind of the writer this explanation has most to commend it.
It is the one that is most in harmony with the information which has
been gathered by hundreds of observers aided by the finest of modern
scientific equipment. But there are other explanations. There will
always be other explanations so long as the world lasts.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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