The story of the universe. Volume 1 (of 4) : $b The starry skies
History
The story of the universe. Volume 1 (of 4) : $b The starry skies
Astronomy; Earth (Planet); Natural history
Those splendid shooting stars which are often called fire-balls move
in every direction. They come from the east, and from the west,
from the north, and from the south. There is no hour of the night
at which they have not occasionally been seen. Even in daylight it
has happened not once or twice, but on several occasions, that a
brilliant meteor has forced itself upon our astonished notice. They
generally first make their appearance at a height which is between
fifty and one hundred miles above the ground. They hurry down their
inclined path, but generally become extinguished while still at least
twenty miles aloft. In their more ambitious flights meteors have been
known to span a kingdom. Nor are even greater strides unrecorded.
The length of a continent may be compared with the track of that
terrific meteor of 5th September, 1868, which broke into visibility
at an appalling height above the Black Sea, and had not expended
its stupendous energy until it passed over the smiling vineyards of
France.
Great fire-balls are much more numerous than any one would suppose
who had not paid attention to the subject. Nor need this be a
matter for surprise if it be remembered that when a fire-ball does
arrive it is only by a favorable combination of circumstances that
any particular individual is privileged to witness the exhibition.
As a random example of the yearly crop of fire-balls, I take from
the middle of 1877 to the middle of 1878. A list of the fire-balls
noticed during this period will be found in that store-house of
valuable information, the Reports of the British Association. In
the year referred to I see that eighty-six great fire-balls have
been recorded. They have appeared in various localities, both in the
old hemisphere and in the new. The most arduous observer may think
himself fortunate if he has even seen one of them.
As to the brilliant light from some of these great fire-balls, there
are numerous statements. We are not infrequently told that even the
beams of the full moon are ineffectual in comparison with the blaze
of the meteor; and we find a high authority asserting that one of
these bodies displayed a flash as “blinding as the sun.” On the
29th July, 1878, a fire-ball was seen which created so splendid an
illumination that “the smallest objects were visible at Manchester.”
Fortunate, indeed, would the astronomer have been who, guided by
some miraculous prescience, had gone to the ancient city of York on
the evening of the 23d of February, 1879, and on the tower of the
glorious minster spent the night in observation of the heavens. It
would have been his privilege to witness a majestic meteor under
circumstances of almost unique magnificence.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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