The story of the universe. Volume 1 (of 4) : $b The starry skies
History
The story of the universe. Volume 1 (of 4) : $b The starry skies
Astronomy; Earth (Planet); Natural history
On the outskirts of the universe lie those faintest and dimmest of
objects which we can just perceive through our greatest telescopes.
We know that many of the stars around us would still remain visible
in great instruments, even though they were removed a thousand times
as far off. Among the myriads of faint stars which we see from
our observatories, there may be many, indeed there must be many,
which are fully a thousand times as distant as the bright stars
which twinkle in our comparative neighborhood. We thus obtain some
conception of the stupendous distance at which the outskirts of the
universe are situated.
There are different ways of illustrating this point, but I think the
simplest, as well as the most striking, is that which is founded on
the velocity of light. It is a remarkable fact that the beautiful
star known as Vega[3] has a distance from us so tremendous that its
light must have taken somewhere about eighteen years to travel hither
from thence. Notwithstanding that the light dashes along with such
inconceivable speed that it will cover 185,000 miles in every second,
notwithstanding that a journey at this pace will complete the entire
circuit of this globe seven or eight times between two successive
ticks of the clock, the light will, nevertheless, take eighteen years
to reach our eye from the time it leaves Vega. We do not, therefore,
see the star as it is at present; we see it as it was eighteen years
ago. For the light which this evening enters our eyes has been all
that time on its journey. Indeed, if Vega were actually to be
blotted out from existence it would still continue to shine out as
vividly as ever for eighteen years before all the light on its way
had reached us.
We have been led to the belief that among the more distant stars in
the universe there must be many which are fully a thousand times as
far from us as is Vega, hence we arrive at the startling conception
that the light they emit has been on its journey for 18,000 years
before it reached us. When we look at those lights to-night we are
actually viewing them as they were 18,000 years ago. In fact, those
stars might have totally vanished 17,000 years ago, though we and our
descendants may still see them glittering for yet another thousand
years.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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