Priestley, 1205 Pritchard, Dr., 1688, 1689 Probabilities, science of, 786 Proctor, 66 Procyon, 57, 63, 76, 98 Prœsepe, 66, 130, 153 Prophet-plant, 1061-68 Protein, 980 Prothallus, 962 Protogens, 456 Protoplasm, 980, 1039 Protozoa, 1299, 1304-5 Psammodus, 470 Pterichthys, 483, 484, 671 Pterodactyles, 487 Ptolemy, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68 Puma, 1553 Pursch’s region, 940 Pygopterus, 474 Pyrosoma, the, 755 Python, 1548, 1551, 1567 Q Quadrumana, 1518, 1529-31, 1536, 1548, 1550 Quagga, 1541, 1550 Quaking-bogs, 631 Quaternary period, 494, 495, 1679-80 R Radiata, 1303-4 Radiates, 459, 460 Radiation, 812 Rafflesia, Arnoldi, 956, 1068-71, 1173 Raffles, Sir Stamford, 1068 Rain, 792-98 colored, 797 cyclonic, 849 non-isobaric, 849 tropical, 849 Rainbow, the, 799-807 white, 806-7 Raindrops, 792-98 Rain-gauge, 792-93 Rake, the, 77 Ramsay, Sir Andrew C., 573 Rattlesnake, 1385 Raven, 1578-79 Ray, John, 989-90 Razor-fish, 1358 Red River, the, 624 Red Sandstones, 872, 873 Red Sandstone of Connecticut, 489-90 Reefs, barrier, 689, 693-96, 699-707 coral, 689-707 fringing, 689, 696-98 Refraction, law of, 800 Regulus, 57, 123, 125 Reindeer, 1538 Reinwardt’s region, 940 Reproduction, 966 Reptiles, 486-88, 1379-1401, 1548, 1551, 1557, 1610 extinct, 673-74 herbivorous, 886 mimicry in, 1597 Rhea, 1524, 1527, 1528 Rhinoceros, 1549 Rhizocarp, 455 Rhizocarpeæ, 455 Rhizodus, 485 Rhizogens, 1001 Rhizopods, 1305 Rhodius anarus, 1606 Rhone, the, 626 Rice, 944, 1114 Rigel, 57, 63, 96, 108, 124, 187, 188 River-basins, 636-37 River-drift man, 1649-56 Rivers, 621-27, 629 Roberts, Dr. Isaac, 158-59, 159-60, 164-65, 166-67, 245, 264 Rock, beds of, 450-52 definition of, 440 Rocks, 440-50 absorption of moisture by, 590-92 erratic, 496-97 Rodentia, 1519, 1536, 1550 Rooks, 1572 Roots, 861-63 Ross, Sir James, 688 Rosse, Lord, 154, 161, 166, 276 Rousseau, J. J., 1694 Roxburgh’s region, 940 Ruiz and Pavon’s region, 941 Ruminantia, 1531-36 Ruskin, 1019 Rust, 1200 Rye, 944 S Sagitta, 77 Sahara, the, 654-59 Sahel, the, 655-56 Saint-Hilaire, Auguste de, 921, 922-23, 925 Saint-Hilaire’s region, 941 Saint Lawrence, the, 624 Saint Pierre, B. de, 1182 Saint Vincent, Bory de, 1688 Salamander, 1383 Salisburia, 876 Salmon, 1545 Salmonidæ, 483 Samoiedes, 1672, 1674 San Francisco, the, 625 Sargasso Sea, the, 1263-67 Satellites, 30, 411-15, 420-26, 429-30, 432 Jupiter’s, 411-15 Saturn, 312, 313, 317, 326, 331, 415-26 diameter of, 415 and Jupiter, 416, 417 moons of, 420-26 orbit of, 415 rings of, 417-20 rotation of, 415 seasons of, 415 spectrum of, 416 Saurians, 1390-94 Savages, 1657-66, 1673 Savannas, 646 Savary, 201