Weaver-birds, 1631-33 Wells, Dr. William Charles, 813 Westwood, 1402, 1403, 1404, 1405 Whale, 1561 the, 98-99 Whately, 1658, 1661 Wheat, 944, 945 Whirlwind, 849, 852-53 Whitney, Prof., 878 Whorl, 866 Wildcat, 1542 Williams, Stanley, 409-10 Wilson, Alexander, 813 Winds, 828-45 trade, 834-36, 841-42 Wings of insects, 1428-34 Winlock, Prof., 818 Withering, 998 Wolf, Max, 155, 263 Wollaston, 54 Wolves, 1574-75 Woods, Brazilian, 1146-61 Worms, 459-60, 1619 Wren, Sir Christopher, 792-93 X Xylocopa, 1620 Y Yellowstone National Park, 520 Young, Thomas, 806-7 Yucca, 954, 1164 Z Zebra, 1541, 1550 Zodiac, the, 88-95 Arabic, 92 Chinese, 93-94 of Denderah, 90 of the Elephanta Pagoda, 91 of Esne, 91 Hindoo, 93 Zodiacal light, 132, 149-51, 351, 352 spectrum of, 346 Zone, of calms, 833-34 the coralline, 1230 the laminarian, 1230, 1231 the littoral, 1230 Zones, bathymetrical, 1521-22 Zoophytes, 470, 481 Zoospores, 1039 Zosteraceæ, 482 FOOTNOTES: [1] Charles Robin: “Histoire Naturelle des Végétaux Parasites qui croissent sur l’Homme et sur les Animaux Vivants.” 1853. [2] From _cilium_, a hair. [3] The term “cell” is used here in its broadest sense. [4] Gosse, “A Naturalist’s Rambles on the Devonshire Coast.” [5] It is singular that the frog, though so low in the scale of vertebrated animals, should bear a striking resemblance to the human conformation in its organs of progressive motion. This arises from the exertions which it makes in swimming being similar to those of man in walking, in as far as they both result from the strong action of the extensors of the feet. Hence, we find a distinct calf in the legs of both, produced by the swelling of similar muscles. The muscles of the thigh present, also, many analogies with those of man; particularly in the presence of the long muscle called the _sartorius_, the use of which is to turn the foot outward, both in stepping and in swimming. [6] Their prey is swallowed entire; and therefore, as we shall afterward find, the bones of the jaws and face are formed to admit of great expansion, and of great freedom of motion upon one another. [7] The expression of this fact is thus qualified, because it does not apply to many fossil or extinct species, such as the Ichthyosaurus. [8] Westwood’s “Introduction.” [9] The turkey had been domesticated by the Mexicans, from whom the Spaniards introduced it into Europe. It had already become tolerably common in England before the close of the Sixteenth Century, and in Spain and the south of Europe much earlier in date. The potato, maize, the cinchonas, tobacco, and the turkey, have been pronounced the five great gifts of the New World to the Old.