In his dream there came to him the God of Love, with his queen,
Alcestis, who, daisy-like, was clad in royal habits green—
"A fret of golde she hedde next her heer,
And upon that a white courone she beer."
She it was who made him swear that from henceforth he would "poetize of
wommen trewe in lovying," "speke wel of love," and so make a glorious
legend.
Chaucer had intended writing at least nineteen stories on the lines
decreed by Alcestis, but his days of prosperity had come to an end for
the time being, with the exile of John of Gaunt, and he became so poor
after his dismissal from the Customs, that he had to raise money on his
pension. And so the legend seems to have been laid aside.
When Henry of Lancaster became king five years later, he doubled the
pension, remembering how his father, just dead, had loved the poet; and
so the cloud, which had been heavy enough while it lasted, passed away.
But it is to those dark days that we owe the greatest of all Chaucer’s
work—his "Canterbury Tales"—work, it must be remembered, which rings and
re-rings with cheerfulness, courage, sympathy, and kindliness. We know
so little of Chaucer as a man but this one fact stands out, that he
never allowed his own troubles or anxieties, or even his pressing
poverty, to over-cloud his heart or his mind. For him the sun shone
always, though he saw it not, and because of that sunshine no trace of
bitterness or harshness is to be found in his work.
In the prologue to the "Tales" Chaucer explains his plot in the most
natural and personal way. One day in the spring, he says, he was
waiting at the Tabard Inn, to rest before continuing a pilgrimage he had
set out to make to Canterbury, when twenty-nine other pilgrims, all
bound for the same destination, arrived. He soon made friends with
them, and, finding their company very entertaining, arranged to join
this party. Then came the proposal that each one should tell two tales
to enliven the journey; a good supper at the end to be the reward of the
pilgrim whose story found most favour. The jovial host of the inn
decided to join them, and one morning in early spring the procession set
out. What a motley crowd they were! Yet Chaucer, with his happy knack
of describing people just as they appeared, has made them all so real to
us, that it is easy to picture each one of them, and in so doing to get
a vivid glimpse of the men and women whom the poet was accustomed to
meet every day of his life. But for Chaucer we should know next to
nothing about the people of his day. First came the knight, who "lovede
chyvalrye," who had ridden far afield in his master’s wars; a great
soldier, but tender as a woman, "a verrey parfyte gentil knight." With
him was his son, acting as his squire, great of strength, able to make
brave songs, and to sit well his horse, handsomely dressed, yet in his
manners "curteys, lowly, and servysable." His attendant was a yeoman,
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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