Strand, The (London, England); Streets -- England -- London
The part of the parish lying to the east of Regent Street is quite
uninteresting except for Golden Square, which has been well described by
Hatton as "not exactly in anybody's way, to or from anywhere." The
square is mentioned in both "Humphrey Clinker" and "Nicholas Nickleby."
Here Henry St. John, Lord Bolingbroke, lived, 1704-1708, and Mrs. Cibber
in 1746. Angelica Kauffman lived in the centre house on the south side
for many years. It was in the vicinity of the square that the great
burial-ground for the plague-stricken dead was formed in the reign of
Charles II. It was chosen as being well away from the town. Pennant
says: "Golden Square, of dirty access, was built after the Revolution
or before 1700. It was built by that true hero Lord Craven, who stayed
in London during the whole time: and braved the fury of the pestilence
with the same coolness as he fought the battles of his beloved mistress,
Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia." It was in Golden Square that De Quincey
took leave of Ann, whom he was never to see again.
Piccadilly Circus was formed at the same time as Regent Street, though
it has been altered since. The Criterion Theatre and Restaurant are on
the south-east side. On this site formerly stood a well-known coaching
inn called the White Bear. One of Shepherd's charming sketches in the
Crace Collection illustrates the courtyard of the inn. Benjamin West,
afterwards P.R.A., put up here on the night of his first sojourn in
London. In the centre of the circus is a fountain in memory of the
seventh Earl of Shaftsbury. This was designed by Alfred Gilbert, R.A.,
and consists of a very light metal figure of Mercury on a very solid
aluminium pedestal.
In Piccadilly itself there is the somewhat gloomy-looking geological
museum, with entrance in Jermyn Street, open free to all comers. The
church of St James's, which comes shortly after, was built by Sir
Christopher Wren at the cost of Henry Jermyn, Earl of St. Albans, and
consecrated at first as a chapel of ease to St. Martin's. The first
rector was Tenison, afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury. Wren considered
this one of his best works. He says: "In this church ... though very
broad and the nave arched, yet there are no walls of a second order, nor
lantherns, nor buttresses, but the whole roof rests upon the pillars, as
do also the galleries; I think it may be found beautiful and convenient,
and as such the cheapest of any form I could invent."
The church is very wide in proportion to its length, and is said to seat
2,000 people easily. The reredos, a handsome piece of wood carving with
a central group of the pelican in her piety, typical of Christ giving
His life's blood for fainting souls, is the work of Grinling Gibbons.
The organ, in the western gallery, is supposed to have been the work of
Bernard Schmidt and was built for the Roman Catholic Oratory at
Whitehall, but was given to St. James's by Queen Mary, 1691.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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