Produced by Mark C. Orton, Mary Meehan and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net _The Stronghold_ A Story of Historic Northern Neck of Virginia and Its People _By_ MIRIAM HAYNIE _The Dietz Press, Incorporated_ _Richmond, Virginia_ _1959_ Copyright by MIRIAM HAYNIE 1959 Second Printing July, 1960 Third Printing September, 1964 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BY THE DIETZ PRESS, INCORPORATED TO MY HUSBAND WILLIAM HAROLD HAYNIE AND TO THE MEMORY OF MY MOTHER AND FATHER: OLIVIA FRANCES JETT WILLIAMS, AND THOMAS JACKSON WILLIAMS, OF "PLEASANT GROVE" NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY, VIRGINIA Acknowledgements References have been given for each chapter so that in this way the persons who so kindly gave personal interviews could be recognized specifically. I wish to express my appreciation to the personnel of the Reference and Circulation Section, General Library Division, of the Virginia State Library, for their splendid service. Without the books from the Library it would have been impossible for me to have accumulated the material for this book. I wish to thank the _Richmond Times-Dispatch_, the _Fredericksburg Free Lance-Star_ and _Virginia_ and _The Virginia County Magazine_, for their kind permission to use any material which might be needed from articles written by myself and previously published in those publications. M. H. _Reedville, Virginia, June, 1959._ CONTENTS PART I--SEVENTEENTH CENTURY _Tidewater_ "_Ye Northerne Neck_" _The People_ _Indians and Early Explorers_ _Captain John Smith_ _Powhatan's Empire_ _Captain Smith Visits the Neck_ "_A Plaine Wildernes_" "_Wild Beastes_" "_Birds to Vs Unknowne_" _The Nominies_ _The Discoverers_ _The River of Swans_ _Mother of Waters_ _Quick-Rising-Water_ _Henry and Pocahontas_ _Henry and King Patowmeke_ _Henry's Relation_ _Betrayed_ _Kidnapped_ _The Indian Trader_ _A Petition_ _From North of the Potomac_ _The First Settler_ _Coan Hall_ _Neighbors_ _The "Kids"_ _Indian Servants_ _Money_ _A Paradise Discovered_ _A Visit to Jamestown_ _Frances_ _Forever Lost_ _Ursula_ _The Yard_ _Kittamaqund_ _The Gift_ _The Cavaliers_ "_Charlie-Over-The-Water_" _The Legacy_ _The Indian Deed_ _A Summons to Jamestown_ _The Oath_ _County Officers_ _Epraphrodibus's Will_ _The Challenge_ _Trade_ _The Colonial Sailor_ _John Carter_ _Fleet's Point_ _George Mason_ _Mary Calvert_ _He Lived Bravely_ _Witchcraft_ _Seahorse of London_ "_Tenn Mulberry Trees_" _Roads_ _Markets_ _The Old Dominion_ _The Proprietary_ _A First Lady of Jamestown_ _Land_ _Processioning_ "_The Banquetting House_" _The Land Agent_ _Hanna and the Horseshoe_ _Muster_ _The Store_ _The Wolf-Drive_ _The Indians and Robert Hen_