Among the trap-door spiders of Southern Europe, about which Mr. J. T. Moggridge has written a very interesting book, are species which make different kinds of nests. The cover, instead of being thick, and wedged into the top of the tube like a stopper, is thin, and rests on the top of the hole, Fig. 22, C, and is covered with leaves, moss, or whatever happens to be lying about; so that it is not easily seen. Two or three inches down the tube is another door, Fig. 22, E, hanging to one side of the tube when not in use; but, when one tries to dig the spider out from above, she pushes up the lower door, so that it looks as if it were the bottom of an empty tube. Another species digs a branch obliquely upward from the middle of the tube, closed at the junction by a hanging-door, which, when pushed upward, can also be used to close the main tube, Fig. 22, F. What use the spider makes of such a complicated nest, nobody knows from observation; but Mr. Moggridge supposes that when an enemy, a parasitic fly, for instance, comes into the mouth of the tube, the spider stops up the passage by pressing up against the lower door; but, if this is not enough, it dodges into the branch, draws the door to behind it, and leaves the intruder to amuse himself in the empty tube. The branch is sometimes carried up to the surface, where it is closed only by a few threads; so that, in case of siege, the spider could escape, and leave the whole nest to the enemy. [Illustration: Fig. 22. Trap-door nests: A, nest of Atypus; B, nest with thick door; C, nest with thin door; D, branched nest; E, nest with two doors; F, branched nest with two doors; G, nest with two branches.] In these nests the spiders live most of the time, coming out at night, and some species in the daytime, to catch insects, which they carry into the tube, and eat. The eggs are laid in the tube; and the young are hatched, and live there till able to go alone, when they go out, and dig little holes of their own. As the spider gets larger, the hole is made wider, and the cover enlarged by adding a layer of earth and silk; so that an old cover is made up of a number of layers, one over the other, over the original little cover.