The Structure and Life-history of the Cockroach (Periplaneta orientalis): An Introduction to the Study of InsectsMiall, L. C. (Louis Compton)
Science
The Structure and Life-history of the Cockroach (Periplaneta orientalis): An Introduction to the Study of Insects
Miall, L. C. (Louis Compton)
Cockroaches
To return now to the Triassic deposits of Colorado, we recognize here
an assemblage of forms of a strictly intermediate character. Here
are _Palæoblattariæ_ and _Neoblattariæ_, side by side. The larger
proportion are _Palæoblattariæ_, but all of them are specifically,
and most of them generically, distinct from palæozoic species, and
all rank high among _Blattinariæ_; still further, the species are
all of moderate size, their general average being but little above
that of mesozoic Cockroaches, and only a little more than half that
of palæozoic types. The _Neoblattariæ_ of this Triassic deposit are
still smaller, being actually smaller than the average mesozoic
Cockroach, and one or two of them, of the genus _Neorthroblattina_
(see figure of _N. Lakesii_), have marked affinity to one of the
genera of Palæoblattariæ (_Poroblattina_) peculiar to the same beds,
differing mainly in the union or separation of the mediastinal
and scapular veins; while others, as _Scutinoblattina_, have a
_Phoraspis_-like aspect and density of membrane. This novel assemblage
of species bridges over the distinctions between the _Palæoblattariæ_
and _Neoblattariæ_. We find, first, forms in which the front wings
are diaphanous, with distinct mediastinal and scapular veins, and
the anal veinlets run to the border of the wing (_Spiloblattina_,
_Poroblattina_); next, those having a little opacity of the front
wings, with blended mediastinal and scapular, and the anal veins as
before (some species of _Neorthroblattina_); then those with still
greater opacity, with the same structural features (other species
of _Neorthroblattina_); next, those having a coriaceous or leathery
structure, blended mediastinal and scapular, and anal veins falling on
the inner margin (some species of _Scutinoblattina_); and, finally,
similarly thickened wings with blended mediastinal and scapular,
and anal veins impinging on the anal furrow (other species of
_Scutinoblattina_).
It is not alone, however, by the union of the mediastinal and scapular
stems that the reduction of the veins in the wings of later Cockroaches
has come about; for in many mesozoic types the externomedian vein is
blended with one of its neighbours, while in others not only are the
mediastinal and scapular united, but at the same time the externomedian
and internomedian.
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