TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE Italic text is denoted by _underscores_. Bold text is denoted by =equal signs=. The oe ligature has been replaced by 'oe'. Obvious typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within the text and consultation of external sources. More detail can be found at the end of the book. THE SUBMARINE IN WAR AND PEACE [Illustration: (Frontispiece; Simon Lake)] THE SUBMARINE IN WAR AND PEACE ITS DEVELOPMENTS AND ITS POSSIBILITIES BY SIMON LAKE, M.I.N.A. _WITH 71 ILLUSTRATIONS AND A CHART_ PHILADELPHIA AND LONDON J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY 1918 COPYRIGHT, 1918, BY J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY PRINTED BY J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY AT THE WASHINGTON SQUARE PRESS PHILADELPHIA, U. S. A. DEDICATED TO LEBBEUS B. MILLER OF ELIZABETH, NEW JERSEY An honest and patriotic man, who took up a poor young man, and who, through his thorough grasp of things mechanical, was among the first to see practical possibilities in the dreams of a young inventor. With his financial means he was able to assist materially in the development and perfection of an important weapon for the defence of his country, thus rendering a valuable service to the nation. Without his assistance much of the development work described in this volume would have been impossible of accomplishment. No greater tribute can be paid to him than to remark of him that he is one--and there are but few of whom this may be said--who has steadfastly refused to take advantage of conditions which offered him the opportunity to increase his personal fortune at the expense of other individuals or of the welfare of his country. FOREWORD Some twenty years ago the author began to collect data with the idea of publishing a book on the submarine at a future time. There was very little information concerning submarines available at that date, as the early experiments in this field of navigation were generally conducted in secrecy. There had been constructed, up to that time, no submarine vessel which was entirely successful, and for this reason inventors and designers were disinclined to reveal the features of the vessels upon which they were experimenting.