Carrara—The Pentelikon—The Parian Quarries—Rosso antico and Verde antico—The Porphyry of Elfdal—The Gypsum of Montmartre—The Alabaster of Volterra—The Slate Quarries of Wales—‘Princesses’ and ‘Duchesses’—‘Ladies’ and ‘Fat Ladies’—St. Peter’s Mount near Maestricht—Egyptian Quarries—Haggar Silsilis—The Latomiæ of Syracuse—A Triumph of Poetry 464 CHAPTER XXXIX. PRECIOUS STONES. Diamonds—Diamond Cutting—Rose Diamonds—Brilliants—The Diamond District in Brazil—Diamond Lavras—The great Russian Diamond—The Regent—The Koh-i-Noor—Its History— The Star of the South—Diamonds used for Industrial Purposes—The Oriental Ruby and Sapphire—The Spinel—The Chrysoberyl—The Emerald—The Beryl—The Zircon—The Topaz— The Oriental Turquoise—The Garnet—Lapis Lazuli—The Noble Opal—Inferior Precious Stones—The Agate-Cutters of Oberstein—Rock Crystal—The Rock-crystal Grotto of the Galenstock 477 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. MAPS. Of the World, showing the distribution of Volcanoes and the Districts visited by Earthquakes _to face page_ 60 Of Great Britain, showing the Coal-fields and chief Mining Districts 400 Of America, showing the Coal-fields and Mineral Districts 410 WOODCUTS. PAGE Carboniferous Forest _engraved by_ G. Pearson, _to face title_ Tabular Geological Profile of Strata with corresponding _engraved by_ G. Pearson Fossils 3 Aqueous Strata disturbed by Igneous Formations ” ” 4 _Ammonites Henleyi_ (Middle _from_ Haughton’s ‘Manual of Lias) Geology’ 9 Trilobite _from_ Kemp’s ‘Phasis of Matter’ 11 Magnified Eye of Trilobite ” ” 11 _Pterygotus acuminatus_ _from_ Haughton’s ‘Manual of (Eurypterid) Geology’ 12 _Spirifer princeps_ (Brachiopod) ” ” 12 _Pterichthys Milleri_, restored (Old Red Sandstone of Scotland) ” ” 14 _Ventriculites_, Fossil Sponge (Chalk) ” ” 16 _Siphonia costata_, Fossil Sponge, (Green Sand, ” ” Warminster) 16