The Sufistic Quatrains of Omar KhayyamOmar Khayyam
ReligionSufism
The Sufistic Quatrains of Omar Khayyam
Omar Khayyam
FitzGerald, Edward, 1809-1883; Sufi poetry
«One day Al-Khayyami went to see the Vezir, Abd-ur-Razzak, the Chief of
the Koran Readers. Abu-l-Hasan Al-Ghazzali was with this latter [at the
time], and the two were discussing the disagreement of the Koran Readers
in regard to a certain verse. [As Omar entered] the Vezir said, ‹Here we
have _the_ authority,› and proceeded to ask Al-Khayyami [for his
opinion] on the matter. ['Omar] enumerated the various readings of the
Readers, and explained the grounds (_'ilal_) for each one. He also
mentioned the exceptional readings and the arguments in favor of each,
and expressed his preference for one view in particular.
«Al-Ghazzali then said: ‹May God add such men as thee to the number of
the learned! Of a truth, I did not think any one of the Koran Readers
knew the readings by heart to this extent--much less one of the secular
philosophers.›
«As for the sciences, he had mastered both mathematics and philosophy.
One day ‹the Proof of Islam›, Al-Ghazzali, came to see him and asked him
how it came that one could distinguish one of the parts of the sphere
which revolve on the axis from the rest, although the sphere was similar
in all its parts. Al-Khayyami pronounced his views, beginning with a
certain category; but he refrained from entering deeply into the
discussion--and such was the wont of this respected Sheykh. [Their
conversation was interrupted by] the call to mid-day prayer, whereupon
Al-Ghazzali said, ‹Truth has come in, and lying has gone out.› 'Omar
arose and went to visit Sultan Sanjar. The latter was [at the time] a
mere child, and was suffering from an attack of smallpox. When he came
away the Vezir asked him, ‹How did you find the child, and what did you
prescribe for him?› 'Omar answered, ‹The child is in a most precarious
state.› An Ethiopian slave reported this saying to the Sultan, and when
the Sultan recovered he became inimical to 'Omar and did not like him.
Melik-Shah treated him as a boon companion; and Shams-ul-Mulk honored
him greatly, and made him sit beside him on his throne.
«It is related that ['Omar] was [one day] picking his teeth with a
toothpick of gold, and was studying the chapter on metaphysics from
[Avicenna's] ‹Book of Healing.› When he reached the section on ‹The One
and the Many› he placed the toothpick between the two leaves, arose,
performed his prayers and made his last injunctions. He neither ate nor
drank anything [that day]; and when he performed the last evening
prayer, he bowed himself to the ground and said as he bowed: ‹Oh, God!
verily I have known Thee to the extent of my power: forgive me,
therefore. Verily my knowledge of Thee is my recommendation to Thee.›
And [so saying], he died; may God have pity on him!»
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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