Eugenics; Eugenics -- United States; Euthenics -- United States
Why prate of home virtue? Why discourse learnedly on the possibilities of
a developed manhood to a father earning nine dollars a week? If you can
guarantee such a man an income of three dollars a week for each child, in
addition to the nine dollars for his wife and himself, you may well air
your views regarding a Super Race; but until your lowest income is high
enough to guarantee the necessaries of life to a family of five; or until
the state guarantees an income to each child in its early life, "You may
as well go stand upon the beach and bid the main flood bate his usual
height," as to demand that a man, working for starvation wages, provide a
home in which Super Men can be reared.
When income has been provided; when there is food for every mouth, warm
clothing for every back, enough fuel for winter, and a few pennies each
week for recreation, then indeed you may begin to speak in terms of social
improvement. Then, and then only, you may tell the father and the mother
that upon their efforts during the first seven years of their children's
lives depends the attitude which those children will assume when they go
out into the world; that the home in which tyranny is unknown, in which
the family rules the family, will produce the noblest citizens for the
noblest state; that the home is still the most fundamental institution in
civilization, the conservator of our ideals, and visions of the better
things that are to come in the future--these things you may say,
emphasizing the fact, that without a well rounded home-training in youth,
even the noblest talents cannot come to their full fruition.
The school is a specialized form of home. In early days, when life was
simple, and specialization was unknown, education was given almost wholly
in the home; but with the growth of specialized tasks, the home could no
longer fulfill its function as educator and the school was introduced.
Education, whether given in the home or in the school, has as its object a
complete life. The purpose of education is to enable the pupil to live
completely--to be a rounded being, in whatever station he may be called
upon to fill.
Would you mold the school to fit the needs of the children? Then, the
system of education must be so shaped that children are prepared to live
their lives completely. They must understand themselves. "Know thyself" is
a command worthy of their attention. The child's body, in the period of
change from childhood to adulthood, is an organism of the most delicate
nature, barely reaching adjustment under the most auspicious conditions,
and more than frequently failing signally from a lack of knowledge, or
from the absence of sympathetic understanding. The child--the father of
the man--must be taught to appreciate the human machine of which he is
given charge. It is in the school, with its corps of specialists, that
this work can be most effectively done.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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