[8] _Charter to William Penn_, etc. (1879), p. 12. First published on Long Island in 1664. Possibly Negro slaves were explicitly excepted. Cf. _Magazine of American History_, XI. 411, and _N.Y. Hist. Soc. Coll._, I. 322. [9] _Acts of Assembly, 1691-1718_, pp. 97, 125, 134; _Doc. rel. Col. Hist. New York_, V. 178, 185, 293. [10] The Assembly attempted to raise the slave duty in 1711, but the Council objected (_Doc. rel. Col. Hist. New York_, V. 292 ff.), although, as it seems, not on account of the slave duty in particular. Another act was passed between 1711 and 1716, but its contents are not known (cf. title of the Act of 1716). For the Act of 1716, see _Acts of Assembly, 1691-1718_, p. 224. [11] _Doc. rel. Col. Hist. New York_, VI. 37, 38. [12] _Doc. rel. Col. Hist. New York_, VI. 32-4. [13] _Ibid._, VII. 907. This act was annually renewed. The slave duty remained a chief source of revenue down to 1774. Cf. _Report of Governor Tryon_, in _Doc. rel. Col. Hist. New York_, VIII. 452. [14] _Laws of New York, 1785-88_ (ed. 1886), ch. 68, p. 121. Substantially the same act reappears in the revision of the laws of 1788: _Ibid._, ch. 40, p. 676. [15] The slave population of New York has been estimated as follows:-- In 1698, 2,170. _Doc. rel. Col. Hist. New York_, IV. 420. " 1703, 2,258. _N.Y. Col. MSS._, XLVIII.; cited in Hough, _N.Y. Census, 1855_, Introd. " 1712, 2,425. _Ibid._, LVII., LIX. (a partial census). " 1723, 6,171. _Doc. rel. Col. Hist. New York_, V. 702. " 1731, 7,743. _Ibid._, V. 929. " 1737, 8,941. _Ibid._, VI. 133. " 1746, 9,107. _Ibid._, VI. 392. " 1749, 10,692. _Ibid._, VI. 550. " 1756, 13,548. _London Doc._, XLIV. 123; cited in Hough, as above. " 1771, 19,863. _Ibid._, XLIV. 144; cited in Hough, as above. " 1774, 21,149. _Ibid._, " " " " " " 1786, 18,889. _Deeds in office Sec. of State_, XXII. 35. Total number of Africans imported from 1701 to 1726, 2,375, of whom 802 were from Africa: O'Callaghan, _Documentary History of New York_, I. 482. [16] Cf. below, Chapter XI. [17] _Vermont State Papers, 1779-86_, p. 244. The return of sixteen slaves in Vermont, by the first census, was an error: _New England Record_, XXIX. 249. [18] _Vermont State Papers_, p. 505. [19] The following is a summary of the legislation of the colony of Pennsylvania and Delaware; details will be found in Appendix A:--