I said it would be a miracle if artificially nourished infants did not frequently suffer from milk infections, and I can add that this miracle does not, in fact, occur. One need only glance at the mortality statistics of artificially nourished infants in order to realize that my experimental results absolutely agree with the facts. The following figures are taken from the excellent report, “Gesundheitswesen des preussischen Staates im Jahre 1901,” which has recently been published by the Prussian government. In the city of Stettin, the mortality for the first year of life was 473.52 for every 1000 living children of the same age; whereas in the period of 10 to 15 years the mortality was 2.94 to each 1000 living children of that age. In other words, _during the same length of time 161 times as many infants up to one year died as did children over ten years_. Berlin, with a mortality of 286.29⁰⁄₀₀ for the first year of life, stands about midway in the list of Prussian cities having over 100,000 population. Cassel, with 183.54⁰⁄₀₀, shows about the lowest figure, and even this is inordinately high, for it is not in the nature of things that this is so. We are not facing a necessity of nature to which we must submit like fatalists. This can be readily seen by observing that there are towns and whole regions in which the mortality figures for the first year are kept within moderate limits. In Ireland and Scotland, as well as in Norway and Sweden, the mortality for this period scarcely exceeds 10⁰⁄₀₀, about one-fiftieth the mortality in Stettin. In Stockholm I visited a foundling asylum with an organization bound to excite admiration and wonder, in which, as I recollect, the mortality was still less. Nowadays the assertion that the character of the milk fed to infants is responsible for the great differences in the mortality statistics is nowhere seriously questioned. There are, however, wide differences of opinion as to what the determining factors are, and how, in places where the mortality figures are so outrageously high, we can remedy the evil.