Transcriber’s Notes Text printed in italics and bold face have been transcribed between _underscores_ and =equal signs= repectively. Small capitals have been replaced with ALL CAPITALS. More Transcriber’s Notes may be found at the end of this text. OXFORD MEDICAL PUBLICATIONS THE SURGERY OF THE SKULL AND BRAIN PUBLISHED BY THE JOINT COMMITTEE OF HENRY FROWDE AND HODDER & STOUGHTON AT THE OXFORD PRESS WAREHOUSE FALCON SQUARE, LONDON, E.C. OXFORD MEDICAL PUBLICATIONS THE SURGERY OF THE SKULL AND BRAIN BY L. BATHE RAWLING, F.R.C.S. SURGEON, WITH CHARGE OF OUT-PATIENTS, SENIOR DEMONSTRATOR OF PRACTICAL SURGERY DEMONSTRATOR OF OPERATIVE SURGERY, ST. BARTHOLOMEW’S HOSPITAL LATE HUNTERIAN PROFESSOR, ETC. LONDON HENRY FROWDE HODDER & STOUGHTON OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS WARWICK SQUARE, E.C. 1912 OXFORD: HORACE HART PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY PREFACE This work on the Surgery of the Skull and Brain is based on experience derived, and on research carried out, during the past ten years. Cranio-Cerebral Surgery, though still in its infancy, has progressed with leaps and bounds during the past few years. This book represents the most modern aspects of the case and is brought up to date by means of a recent visit to some of the leading surgical clinics of the United States of America. I have realized to the full the difficulties of the task which I have undertaken, but have every confidence that they have been overcome and that a reasonable measure of success has been obtained. With this anticipation, this work on the Surgery of the Skull and Brain is offered to the Profession. L. BATHE RAWLING. _April 1912._ CONTENTS CHAPTER I PAGE CRANIO-CEREBRAL TOPOGRAPHY 1 CHAPTER II THE SPECIAL TECHNIQUE IN OPERATIONS ON THE SKULL AND BRAIN 10 CHAPTER III CEPHALOCELES, BIRTH-FRACTURES AND HÆMORRHAGES, HYDROCEPHALUS AND DERMOIDS 31 CHAPTER IV FRACTURES OF THE SKULL 68 CHAPTER V INTRACRANIAL INJURIES. EXTRA- AND SUB-DURAL HÆMORRHAGES. INJURY TO THE BRAIN 135 CHAPTER VI THE REMOTE EFFECTS OF HEAD-INJURY 182 CHAPTER VII TUMOURS OF THE BRAIN 210 CHAPTER VIII THE INFECTIVE DISEASES OF THE BRAIN AND MENINGES: ABSCESS OF THE BRAIN, MENINGITIS, LATERAL AND CAVERNOUS SINUS THROMBOSIS, HERNIA CEREBRI 247 CHAPTER IX BULLET-WOUNDS OF THE SKULL AND BRAIN 294 CHAPTER X TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA 306 CHAPTER XI