The Survey, Volume 30, Number 5, May 3, 1913Various
History
The Survey, Volume 30, Number 5, May 3, 1913
Various
Charities -- Periodicals; Social problems -- Periodicals; United States -- Social conditions -- Periodicals
The wages of these workers vary according to their locality, and the
kind of season they find. The work on the shrimp is better paid than
oyster shucking, but it is much more irregular. On the latter families
frequently earn ten and fifteen or twenty dollars a week so when there
are several children, and the work is steady, there is a great
temptation to make them all help. Children of seven years earn about
twenty-five cents a day, and at eight and ten years of age often fifty
cents a day or more. At twelve and fourteen years they frequently earn
as high as a dollar a day and this is adult pay. The fastest adult
shucker seldom earns much more than a dollar a day after years of
experience. What then is the outlook for children beginning this
industry?
“What is your name, little girl?”
“Dunno.”
“How old are you?”
“Dunno.”
“How many pots do you shuck in a day?”
“Dunno.”
And the pity of it is that _they do not know_.
What then do they know? Enough to stand patiently with the rest picking
up one hard, dirty cluster of shells, deftly prying them open, dropping
the meat into the pot; and then go through this process with another and
another and another, until after many minutes the pot is full—a relief,
for they carry it over to the weigher and rest doing nothing a minute,
and walk back,—such a change from the dreary standing, reaching, prying
and dropping—minute upon minute, hour upon hour, day upon day, month
after month. Or perchance, for variety, the catch may have been shrimp,
and then the hours of work are shorter, but the shrimp are icy cold, and
the blood in one’s fingers congeals, and the fingers become so sore that
she welcomes the oysters again.
Are you surprised then to find that many children seem dumb and can not
understand our language?
“But we educate them” some canners tell us.
This is the way they do it. In the few places where I found any pretense
to education the children shucked oysters for four hours before school.
Then they went to school for half a day, returning at one o’clock for a
hurried lunch. They worked for four hours more, five days in the week.
On Saturday they put in an alleged half day consisting of eight or nine
hours work. Is it any marvel that the school principal told me “It isn’t
satisfactory, but at least we are giving them some help in learning the
language.” They need the help. At another place, with two canneries, but
two children were going to school, and the illiteracy of both adults and
children was appalling.
“There is no compulsion about schooling here,” the principal said.
The “vocational guidance” which most of them receive, year in and year
out, is seen in the sheds where under the eagle eye of the boss, who
watches to see that they do not shirk, and under the pressure of
parental authority, they put in their time where it will bring tangible
returns. One padrone told me:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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