The Swastika, the Earliest Known Symbol, and Its Migration: With Observations on the Migration of Certain Industries in Prehistoric TimesWilson, Thomas
Religion
The Swastika, the Earliest Known Symbol, and Its Migration: With Observations on the Migration of Certain Industries in Prehistoric Times
Wilson, Thomas
Industries, Primitive; Swastikas; Symbolism
Mr. R. B. Æneas McLeod, of Invergordon Castle, Ross-shire, Scotland,
reported[169] that, on looking over some curious bronze ingots captured at
Coomassee in 1874, during the late Ashantee war, by Captain Eden, in whose
possession they were at Inverness, he had found some marked with the
Swastika sign (fig. 138). These specimens were claimed to be aboriginal,
but whether the marks were cast or stamped in the ingot is not stated.
CLASSICAL OCCIDENT--MEDITERRANEAN.
GREECE AND THE ISLANDS OF CYPRUS, RHODES, MELOS, AND THERA.
The Swastika has been discovered in Greece and in the islands of the
Archipelago on objects of bronze and gold, but the principal vehicle was
pottery; and of these the greatest number were the painted vases. It is
remarkable that the vases on which the Swastika appears in the largest
proportion should be the oldest, those belonging to the Archaic period.
Those already shown as having been found at Naukratis, in Egypt, are
assigned by Mr. Flinders Petrie to the sixth and fifth centuries B. C.,
and their presence is accounted for by migrations from Greece.
[Illustration: Fig. 139. VARIATION OF THE GREEK FRET. Continuous lines
crossing each other at right angles forming figures resembling the
Swastikas.]
[Illustration: Fig. 140. GREEK GEOMETRIC VASE IN THE LEYDEN MUSEUM, WITH
FIGURES OF GEESE AND SWASTIKA IN PANEL.[170] Smyrna. Conze, "Anfänge,"
etc., Vienna, 1870, and Goodyear, "Grammar of the Lotus," pl. 56, fig. 4.]
[Illustration: Fig. 141. GREEK VASE WITH FIGURES OF HORSES, GEOMETRIC
ORNAMENTS AND SWASTIKAS IN PANELS. Athens. Dennis, "Etruria," 1, p.
cxiii.]
[Illustration: Fig. 142. GREEK VASE WITH SWASTIKAS IN PANELS. Conze,
"Anfänge," etc., and Goodyear, "Grammar of the Lotus," pl. 60, fig. 13.]
_The Greek fret and Egyptian meander not the same as the
Swastika._--Professor Goodyear says:[171] "There is no proposition in
archæology which can be so easily demonstrated as the assertion that the
Swastika is originally a fragment of the Egyptian meander, provided Greek
geometric vases are called in evidence."
Egyptian meander here means the Greek fret. Despite the ease with which he
says it can be demonstrated that the Swastika was originally a fragment of
the Egyptian meander, and with all respect for the opinion of so profound
a student of classic ornament, doubts must arise as to the existence of
the evidence necessary to prove his proposition.
[Illustration: Fig. 143. DETAIL OF ARCHAIC GREEK VASE WITH FIGURE OF SOLAR
GOOSE AND SWASTIKAS IN PANELS. British Museum. Waring, "Ceramic Art in
Remote Ages," pl. 41, fig. 15.]
[Illustration: Fig. 144. CYPRIAN POTTERY PLAQUE WITH SWASTIKA IN PANEL.
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City. Cesnola, "Cyprus, its Ancient
Cities, Tombs, and Temples," pl. 47, fig. 40.]
[Illustration: Fig. 145. DETAIL OF CYPRIAN VASE WITH SWASTIKAS IN
TRIANGLES. Goodyear, "Grammar of the Lotus," pl. 1, fig. 11.]
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