The Swedes on the Delaware, 1638-1664Johnson, Amandus
History
The Swedes on the Delaware, 1638-1664
Johnson, Amandus
Delaware River Valley (N.Y.-Del. and N.J.) -- History; New Sweden -- History; Swedes -- United States
As a result of Indian troubles and lack of merchandise, the trade
was slack during the summer and early autumn, only a few sales being
recorded. The English merchants returned in the fall to collect their
outstanding accounts as well as to trade, and Isaac Allerton sold
fourteen bushels of barley for seed, one pair of mill-stones and a
Dutch bushel measure. Other English and Dutch traders exchanged lumber
and ammunition for beaver skins and tobacco. A journey to New England
was also undertaken with the sloop, but little is known about this
expedition.
The usual work occupied the colonists during the summer--the
cultivation of tobacco, the cutting of hay and the harvesting of the
grain. A good crop was laid up, as the weather was favorable for grain
in 1644. About 6,920 pounds of tobacco were dried and stored. At the
rate of 7 stivers per pound the tobacco would be worth 2,422 florins.
As 29 men had been engaged in cultivating the tobacco, making 83½
florins the amount realized on the labor of each man, the result does
not seem to have been very satisfactory.
III.
In the beginning of 1645 the traffic with the Indians began anew and in
the early spring merchants from the neighboring colonies again arrived
to collect old bills and to sell their cargoes.
When the warm weather returned the freemen’s labors of former years
repeated themselves. The fields were sown with grain, the gardens were
planted with seeds, and the cattle were left to wander through the
woods or across the grassy meadows under the care of the herdsmen.
In the summer Governor Printz ordered the sloop to New Amsterdam to buy
cattle and provisions. Nine oxen were purchased for ninety-six beavers
and one horse for thirty beavers. “A pair of mill-stones for the wind
mill” was obtained for two beavers, and twelve barrels of lime for
one skin. In the autumn 449 beaver skins were bought from the savages
at the Schuylkill, and an Indian guide was sent to invite the Minquas
to the settlement for trading purposes. But the traffic could not be
conducted with much vigor, as there was a want of merchandise. The
governor and colonists waited for ships and supplies from Sweden, but
the summer came and passed, the grain grew and was harvested, and no
ships nor supplies arrived. John Wilcox, Jeremiah Clerk and Mr. Spindle
relieved the most pressing needs by their cargoes, and furnished some
merchandise for the peltry trade.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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