Facts about the religious life are also meagre before 1643. Rev. Reorus Torkillus who arrived in 1640 conducted services in Fort Christina in accordance with the Swedish Church law. He was abused by some of the Dutch who were of the reform faith, and in his letters to the council he complained of his troubles with “those who confessed to the Calvinistic heresy”; but harmony seems to have been restored after Van Langdonk’s return to Europe. In November, 1641, Rev. Christopher arrived. He had no commission to serve in the colony; but, as the work was too much for Rev. Torkillus, he remained until 1643, doing the duties of a clergyman, and when he returned to Sweden he was paid by Beier for his labors. It is probable that Reverend Torkillus conducted services in the fort, while Christopher looked after the religious needs of the freemen and servants, who lived in the neighborhood of the stronghold. One of the houses built by Minuit undoubtedly did duty as a “meeting-house” for a time, but it is quite certain that a chapel was erected about 1641 or 1642, when a mere dwelling was too small for the accommodation of the colonists. It was an age when religion was taken with great seriousness, and when duties of worship and piety were the first requirements of a community; when generals began their reports and letters to their superiors in the name of God and ended them with His blessings, when politicians _prayed_ for success and pirates began their expeditions only after the grace of Heaven had been invoked to favor their undertakings, and we may feel certain that the authorities in Sweden did not fail to instruct Ridder to build a place of worship, and that he obeyed the order, although we have no record to tell the tale. We know that there was a house of worship in the colony in 1643, for Brahe, answering Printz’s letter of April 12, admonished the governor to decorate their “little church in the Swedish custom”. Since a church in those days could not be built in a month and a half, it must have been there before Governor Printz arrived. PART III. The Reorganized New Sweden Company and Its Activity; Social, Economic and Political Life in the Colony, 1643–1653. CHAPTER V. THE REORGANIZED AMERICAN COMPANY AND THE EXPEDITIONS TO NEW SWEDEN DURING THE ADMINISTRATION OF GOVERNOR PRINTZ. I.