In the summer of 1783, when one of the three friends had been reading
blank verse aloud to the other two, Lady Austen, from her seat upon the
sofa, urged upon Cowper, as she had urged before, that blank verse was to
be preferred to the rhymed couplets in which his first book had been
written, and that he should write a poem in blank verse. “I will,” he
said, “if you will give me a subject.” “Oh,” she answered, “you can
write upon anything. Write on this sofa.” He playfully accepted that as
“the task” set him, and began his poem called “The Task,” which was
finished in the summer of the next year, 1784. But before “The Task” was
finished, Mrs. Unwin’s jealousy obliged Cowper to give up his new
friend—whom he had made a point of calling upon every morning at
eleven—and prevent her return to summer quarters in the vicarage.
Two miles from Olney was Weston Underwood with a park, to which its owner
gave Cowper the use of a key. In 1782 a younger brother, John
Throckmorton, came with his wife to live at Weston, and continued
Cowper’s privilege. The Throckmortons were Roman Catholics, but in May,
1784, Mr. Unwin was tempted by an invitation to see a balloon ascent from
their park. Their kindness as hosts won upon Cowper; they sought and had
his more intimate friendship, till in his correspondence he playfully
abused the first syllable of their name and called them Mr. and Mrs.
Frog.
Cowper’s “Task” went to its publisher and printing was begun, when
suddenly “John Gilpin,” after a long sleep in the Public Advertiser, rode
triumphant through the town. A favourite actor of the day was giving
recitations at Freemason’s Hall. A man of letters, Richard Sharp, who
had read and liked “John Gilpin,” pointed out to the actor how well it
would suit his purpose. The actor was John Henderson, whose Hamlet,
Shylock, Richard III., and Falstaff were the most popular of his day. He
died suddenly in 1785, at the age of thirty-eight, and it was thus in the
last year of his life that his power of recitation drew “John Gilpin”
from obscurity and made it the nine days’ wonder of the town. Pictures
of John Gilpin abounded in all forms. He figured on
pocket-handkerchiefs. When the publisher asked for a few more pages to
his volume of “The Task,” Cowper gave him as makeweights an “Epistle to
Joseph Hill,” his “Tirocinium,” and, a little doubtfully, “John Gilpin.”
So the book was published in June, 1785; was sought by many because it
was by the author of “John Gilpin,” and at once won recognition. The
preceding volume had not made Cowper famous. “The Task” at once gave him
his place among the poets.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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