Labour in workshops where all three kinds are required, _i.e._ power-machinery, hand-work, and hand-worked machines (_e.g._ modern costume-making in which power sewing-machines are employed.) The old handicraft labour carried on in special workrooms, either within or outside the dwelling of the worker. The characteristic peculiar to the three first divisions of workshops, and that which distinguishes them from the factory, although they in some respects resemble it, is that they give employment to but a very small number of workmen outside the limits of the family which maintains them. The British Factory Acts include under the head of workshops those businesses in which no motive power is used, but in which protected persons (women, children, and young persons) are employed. Workshops of this kind are treated with varying degrees of stringency, according to whether they employ protected persons of all kinds, or only women (no children or young persons), and according to whether they are carried on in domestic workshops (dwelling-rooms) or otherwise. _Household (home) Industry and Family Industry._ Household industry, called also "home industry" in the Auer Motion is the industrial preparation and manufacture of commodities, not the production of material, nor trading, carrying, or service industry. It has therefore characteristic _c_ (viz. that it excludes the production of raw material and the initial processes in connection therewith) in common with the factory and all workshops, as well as with that part of family industry which is not included in household industry properly so called; the very term Household _Industry_, in fact, indicates this.