+51. The State and Pensions in Old Age.+ J. A. SPENDER and ARTHUR ACLAND, M.P. "A careful and cautious examination of the question."--_Times._ +52. The Fallacy of Saving.+ JOHN M. ROBERTSON. "A plea for the reorganisation of our social and industrial system."--_Speaker._ +53. The Irish Peasant.+ ANON. "A real contribution to the Irish Problem by a close, patient and dispassionate investigator."--_Daily Chronicle._ +54. The Effects of Machinery on Wages.+ Prof. J. S. NICHOLSON, D.Sc. "Ably reasoned, clearly stated, impartially written."--_Literary World._ +55. The Social Horizon.+ ANON. "A really admirable little book, bright, clear, and unconventional."--_Daily Chronicle._ +56. Socialism, Utopian and Scientific.+ FREDERICK ENGELS. "The body of the book is still fresh and striking."--_Daily Chronicle._ +57. Land Nationalisation.+ A. R. WALLACE. "The most instructive and convincing of the popular works on the subject."--_National Reformer._ +58. The Ethic of Usury and Interest.+ Rev. W. BLISSARD. "The work is marked by genuine ability."--_North British Agriculturalist._ +59. The Emancipation of Women.+ ADELE CREPAZ. "By far the most comprehensive, luminous, and penetrating work on this question that I have yet met with."--_Extract from_ Mr. Gladstone's _Preface._ +60. The Eight Hours' Question.+ JOHN M. ROBERTSON. DOUBLE VOLUMES, Each 3s. 6d. +1. Life of Robert Owen.+ LLOYD JONES. +2. The Impossibility of Social Democracy: a Second Part of "The Quintessence of Socialism".+ Dr. A. SCHAeFFLE. +3. The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844.+ FREDERICK ENGELS. +4. The Principles of Social Economy.+ YVES GUYOT. * * * * * THE THEORY AND POLICY OF LABOUR PROTECTION. BY DR. A. SCHAeFFLE EDITED BY A. C. MORANT _Translator of Schaeffle's_ IMPOSSIBILITY OF SOCIAL DEMOCRACY, _Leroy-Beaulieu's_ THE MODERN STATE, _Laveleye's_ LUXURY, _etc._ [Illustration] London SWAN SONNENSCHEIN & CO. NEW YORK: CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS 1893 BUTLER & TANNER, THE SELWOOD PRINTING WORKS, FROME, AND LONDON. PREFACE. In this book Dr. Schaeffle seeks to carry out still further the idea which he developed in his last book (_The Impossibility of Social Democracy_) of the essential difference between a socialistic policy and what he calls a Positive Social Policy, proceeding constructively upon the basis of the existing social order. He emphatically vindicates the Emperor William's policy, as shown in the convening of the Berlin Labour Conference, from the charge of being revolutionary, or of playing into the hands of the Socialists.