1612 John George fruitlessly attempts to mediate between the Catholics and the Calvinists 22 1613 _Marriage of Frederick V., Elector Palatine, to Elizabeth, daughter of James I. of England_ CHAPTER II. THE BOHEMIAN REVOLUTION. SECTION I.--_The House of Austria and its Subjects_ (1600-1618). Political and religious dissensions between the rulers and their subjects 24 1609 The Emperor Rudolph, as King of Bohemia, grants the Royal Charter to Bohemia 25 1611 He is succeeded by Matthias in spite of the intrigues of Christian of Anhalt 26 Matthias evades the charter 27 1617 Ferdinand accepted by the Bohemian Diet as King by hereditary right 28 1618 The Protestant churches on ecclesiastical lands declared illegal by the government of Matthias; one at Braunau shut up, one at Klostergrab pulled down 29 SECTION II.--_The Revolution at Prague_ (March-May 1618). Mar. 5. Meeting of the Protestant Estates of Bohemia 29 May 23. Attack headed by Thurn upon the Regents at Prague. Martinitz and Slawata thrown out of window. Beginning of the Thirty Years' War 30 Appointment of Thirty Directors as a Revolutionary Government in Bohemia 31 SECTION III.--_The War in Bohemia (May 1618-February 1619)._ Aug. 13. Bohemia invaded by the Emperor's general, Bucquoi. The Bohemians look abroad for help. Mansfeld brings troops to them. He besieges Pilsen, whilst Thurn makes head against Bucquoi 33 Nov. 21. Pilsen surrenders 34 Christian of Anhalt urges Frederick V., Elector Palatine, to intervene on behalf of the Bohemians, and asks the Duke of Savoy to help them 34 1619 The Duke of Savoy talks of dividing the Austrian Feb. dominions with Frederick 35 SECTION IV.--_Ferdinand on his Defence (March-November 1619)._ Mar. 20. Death of Matthias 36 June 5. Vienna besieged by Thurn. Ferdinand threatened by a deputation from the Estates of Lower Austria 36 He is delivered by a regiment of horse, and Thurn raises the siege 37 Aug. 28. Ferdinand II. elected Emperor 38 Aug. 26. Frederick, Elector Palatine, elected King of Bohemia, Ferdinand having been previously deposed 38