See, for example, Judg. 19 : 27; 1 Kings 14 : 17; 2 Kings 12 : 9, 13; 22 : 4; 23 : 4; 25 : 18; 1 Chron. 9 : 19, 22; 2 Chron. 3 : 7; 23 : 4; 34 : 9; Esther 2 : 21; 6 : 2; Isa. 6 : 4; Jer. 35 : 4; 52 : 19, 24; Ezek. 40 : 6, 7; 41 : 16; 43 : 8; Amos 9 : 1; Zeph. 2 : 14; Zech. 12 : 2. Footnote 550: See, for example, Jer. 52 : 19. Footnote 551: See pp. 109–111, _supra_. Footnote 552: See _Septuagint_, in loco. Footnote 553: See _Vulgate_, in loco. Footnote 554: Philo’s _Opera_, Mangey, 2 : 292. Footnote 555: Liddell and Scott’s _Greek-English Lexicon_, s. v. Footnote 556: Cited in Levy’s _Neuheb. Wörterb._, s. v. “Saph.” Footnote 557: This on the authority of Prof. Dr. H.V. Hilprecht. Footnote 558: Among primitive peoples it was a common thought that the first fruits of life in any sphere belonged of right to God, or the gods. This was true of the fields, of the flocks and herds, and of the family. (See, for example, Frazer’s _Golden Bough_, II., 68–78, 373–384; also W. Robertson Smith’s _Religion of the Semites_, pp. 443–446.) As in Egypt particular gods were supposed to have power over men and beasts in special localities, the first-born belonged to them, and stood as representing their power and protection; yet Jehovah claimed to be Lord over all. And now, at the close of the contest between God and the gods, Jehovah took to himself out of the homes of his enemies the devoted first-born of man and of beast, in evidence of the truth that the gods of Egypt could not protect them. Footnote 559: 1 Kings 4 : 24, “Tiphsah.” Footnote 560: See Gesenius’s _Hebr. und Aram. Handwörterbuch_ (12th ed.), s. v. “Tiphsakh.” Footnote 561: Exod. 21 : 2–6. Footnote 562: Talmud Babyl., _Qiddusheen_, fol. 22, b. Footnote 563: Gen. 15 : 1–21. See pp. 186–188, _supra_. Footnote 564: Gen. 19 : 1–25. Footnote 565: Compare Josh. 2 : 1–20; 5 : 10–12; 6 : 12–17. Footnote 566: Judg. 7 : 1–25. Footnote 567: 2 Kings 19 : 20–36; 2 Chron. 32 : 1–22. Footnote 568: Esther 9 : 12–19. Footnote 569: Dan. 5 : 1–30. Footnote 570: Edersheim’s _Temple: Its Ministry and Services_, p. 196 f. Footnote 571: Edersheim’s _The Temple: Its Ministry and Services_, p. 197; _Home and Synagogue of Modern Jew_, pp. 159–161; Ginsburg’s art. “Passover,” in Kitto’s _Cycl. of Bib. Lit._ Footnote 572: On the testimony of Rev. Dr. Marcus Jastrow. Footnote 573: Exod. 12 : 1, 2; Lev. 23 : 5; 9 : 1, 2. Footnote 574: See, for example, Exod. 34 : 12–16; Lev. 17 : 7; 20 : 5–8; Num. 15 : 39, 40; Deut. 31 : 16; Judg. 2 : 17; 8 : 27, 33; 2 Kings 9 : 22, 23; 1 Chron. 5 : 25; 2 Chron. 21 : 11; Psa. 73 : 27; 106 : 38, 39; Isa. 57 : 3; Jer. 3 : 1–15, 20; 13 : 27; Ezek. 6 : 9; 16 : 1–63; 20 : 30; 23 : 1–49; Hos. 1 : 2; 2 : 2; 3 : 1; 4 : 12–19; 5 : 3, 4; 6 : 6, 7, 10. Footnote 575: Jer. 31 : 31, 32; also Heb. 8 : 8, 9. Footnote 576: Ezek. 16 : 8. Footnote 577: