Frontispiece: Map of Northwestern Luzon. I. The Province of Abra, Looking Inland from the Coast Range. II. Abra, Looking toward the Sea from the Top of the Cordillera Central. III. Manabo Man. IV. Man of Ba-ak. V. Manabo Woman. VI. Woman of Patok. VII. A Mountain Tinguian from Likuan. VIII. A Young Man from Likuan. IX. Girl from the Mountain Village of Lamaw (Photograph from Philippine Bureau of Science). X. A Woman from Lamaw (Photograph from Philippine Bureau of Science). XI. A Typical Small Boy (Photograph from Philippine Bureau of Science). XII. The Baby Tender. XIII. A Betrothed Maiden. XIV. The Wedding. XV. Mothers and Babies. XVI. Funeral of Malakay. XVII. The Whipping at a Funeral. XVIII. Inapapaiag. An Offering to the Spirits. XIX. The Medium's Outfit. XX. Ceremonial Houses. XXI. Balaua. The Greatest of the Spirit Structures. XXII. Spirit Houses in a Garden. XXIII. The Kalangan: A Spirit House; Second in Importance. XXIV. The Saloko. A Split Bamboo, in which Offerings are Placed. Ceremonies. XXV. The Saloko. A Spirit Bamboo, in which Offerings are Placed. XXVI. Ready to Launch the Spirit Raft on the River. XXVII. The Tangpap. An Important Spirit Structure. XXVIII. Gateway at Likuan. XXIX. Pottery Houses, for the Spirit of the Rice. XXX. A Medium Making an Offering to the Guardian Stones. XXXI. Ceremonial Pounding of the Rice. XXXII. Renewing the Offering on the Spirit Shield. XXXIII. Singeing a Pig at a Ceremony. XXXIV. Offering of the Pigs to the Spirits. XXXV. The Sayang Ceremony. XXXVI. Potters at Work. XXXVII. A Family of Laba-an. XXXVIII. The Village of Sallapadin. XXXIX. Typical Houses. XL. House Building. XLI. Roofing a House. XLII. Water Carriers (Photograph from Philippine Bureau of Science). XLIII. A Tinguian Housewife (Photograph from Philippine Bureau of Science). XLIV. A Warrior. XLV. Hunter Fitted for the Trail. XLVI. Hunting Party on Mt. Posoey. XLVII. Shooting the Blowgun. XLVIII. Highland Field and Terraces at Patok. XLIX. The Rice Terraces near Likuan. L. Plowing in the Lower Terraces. LI. Taking Rice Sprouts from the Seed Beds. LII. Transplanting the Rice. LIII. Bird Scarers in the Fields. LIV. Harvesting the Rice. LV. The Rice Granary. LVI. Pounding Rice (Photograph from Philippine Bureau of Science). LVII. Winnowing and Sifting (Photograph from Philippine Bureau of Science). LVIII. Drying Corn. LIX. Breaking the Corn between Two Stones. LX. Preparing Tobacco. LXI. Feeding the Pigs. LXII. A Typical Forge of the Iron Workers. LXIII. Ginning Cotton and Sizing the Thread. LXIV. Beating Cotton on a Carabao Hide. LXV.