_Flea Beetles_ (family Chrysomelidae) are the little black jumping
fellows that perforate leaves in plant beds and in the field. They
are also accused of injuring blossoms and reducing the set of fruit.
Their attacks upon young plants are sometimes ruinous. Bordeaux with
arsenical serves as a repellant. Dusting with nicotine sulphate dust
is also suggested.
_Green Tomato Worms_, or _Horn Worms_ (Phlegethontius sexta) are
big, green fellows and have a great capacity for tomato foliage.
Hand-picking and arsenical spray or dust are usual means of combat.
_The stalk-borer_ (Papaipema nitela) is a slender caterpillar which
is reported as serious in Indiana. No satisfactory control is
suggested except clean culture around fields and pinching the stems
to destroy the pest.
VIII
SKILLFUL SELLING CROWNS THE ENTERPRISE
The most skillful production is in vain if marketing is not done
well. At the same time, the quality of the goods is the principal
factor in making the price and in moving the goods. Even then, if
costs in production and marketing are too high, the enterprise is a
failure.
The differences between high and low quotations on the same market
the same day, are usually fairly wide,--say, $1.75 to $2.50; or
$0.75 to $1.25; or $0.20 to $0.25 per basket. These differences are
sufficient to make the difference between profit and loss. Small
differences in quality of the product, in handling and dress-up of
the market pack and skill in finding buyers may easily result in
price differences as great or greater than those indicated.
Harvesting
Picking in the field calls for the closest care and supervision to
prevent damage to the fruits and vines. Stems should be removed to
avoid punching other fruits, and long finger-nails do great harm by
cutting the skin and admitting infection. Containers should not be
too large to be handled conveniently. Round half-bushel stave
baskets and galvanized pails are excellent. Baskets made of
quarter-inch staves rather than veneer are smooth and durable, but
the investment is rather heavy unless dumping is resorted to. In
practice, all sorts of boxes and crates are used, often the package
that is used for marketing. No container as deep as a bushel basket
should be used.
The stage of ripeness at which tomatoes are picked depends upon the
time and distance to market. For home use or local market, fruit may
range from the first turn to almost fully colored.
A few growers pick at the turn and use ripening rooms to prepare for
local selling. In this way cracking, injury by soil, by insects, and
by uneven coloring are avoided. Fruits are wiped and handled with
less loss and may even be washed if need be.
Fully ripened fruit will not stand handling and hauling and will
quickly deteriorate, reaching the consumer in bad condition.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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