[Illustration: FIGURE 27.--Cellulose film is used for repacked
tomatoes.]
Cannery tomatoes move in field crates belonging to the canner or, in
Jersey, in 5/8 bushel baskets, about as awkward a container as could
be readily devised unless it should be the Jersey tomato crate
with its two cover strips permanently fastened.
Repack tomatoes are sometimes replaced in lugs or in half lugs. Ten
pound corrugated cartons are widely used, newer and fancier packs
being but one layer deep. Fruits are wrapped with paper or cellulose
film. An increasing proportion of repacks are now put up in
one-pound cartons with a window of cellulose film, carrying four or
five tomatoes. A variation is a paper tray wrapped with cellulose
film.
Good marketing calls for a good label for whatever package is used.
These are usually pasted on the package. Paper containers are often
printed directly but the problem of misuse of second hand packages
is coming to the fore.
Selling
Success in selling demands in the producer the qualities which we
ordinarily expect in the business man. The good grower is a business
man if he succeeds, and this will be more true in the future than in
the past, as competition increases. It is necessary to judge the men
one deals with, forming estimates as to reliability and character.
Mutual confidence is essential to satisfactory dealings. It is worth
while to study the produce business and to learn its ins and outs,
reading a trade paper, talking with dealers, and making trips to
markets.
Shipments are made on "f.o.b." or track sale, on consignment, or on
joint account. The first plan of outright sale is the most desirable
and is possible where there is enough business at a given point to
attract buyers or where grades and business standing are well enough
established to assure the purchaser of what he is getting. When the
quality of the product is uncertain or when markets are glutted,
consignment must be resorted to. Under this plan, the shipper owns
the goods until the receiver makes a sale and all the risks up to
this point are his. There are many consignment houses of high
character if the shipper will take the trouble to find them instead
of shipping to any one who writes a good letter, and there is
vigorous competition in the trade. These factors make it possible to
secure fairly good service most of the time. Joint account selling,
where shipper and receiver agree on how returns shall be divided, is
sometimes undertaken where mutual acquaintance justifies it.
Selling on distant markets is more complex and difficult than local
selling for many reasons. Shoving crates off the wagon into the car
and forgetting them is not selling. Co-operative organization has
helped many communities through pooling of resources, standardizing,
grading and packing the product, encouraging better field practices,
and securing the services of able managers and salesmen.
Local Selling
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