Ground or Pecked Stone 71 Metates 71 Manos 71 Mortars 71 Pestles 71 Rubbing Stones 71 Stone Disks 71 Pendants 71 Other Remains 71 Unworked Bone and Shell Remains 71 Summary and Conclusion 72 Bibliography 76 Plates 79 _MAPS_ 1. Topanga Canyon facing 49 2. Tank Site LAn-1 facing 53 3. Site LAn-2 69 _FIGURES_ 1. Location of Features and Burials 55 2. Scraper Plane Types 57 3. Scraper Types 58 4. Projectile Points 60 5. Metate Types 62 6. Mano Types 64 _TABLES_ 1. Burials LAn-1 54 2. Frequency of Scraper Planes by Depth 56 3. Frequency of Flaked Artifacts by Depth 59 4. Projectile Points 61 5. Mano Types 63 6. Burial Data on Site LAn-2 70 7. Flaked Tools and Materials from LAn-2 70 8. Suggested Chronology of Early Milling and Hunting Cultures of Southern California 74 THE TOPANGA CULTURE FINAL REPORT ON EXCAVATIONS, 1948 BY A. E. TREGANZA AND A. BIERMAN INTRODUCTION The year 1946 marked the discovery of the Tank Site by Robert F. Heizer and Edwin M. Lemert. Their work was synthesized in a paper entitled "Observations on Archaeological Sites in Topanga Canyon, California" (Heizer and Lemert, 1947). Here, so far as the small sample from test pits and surface collections permitted, they briefly defined the Topanga Culture, described the artifacts related to it, and indicated its possible cultural associations. Heizer and the senior author of the present paper were convinced that the Tank Site could fruitfully be further examined in the light of large-scale excavation. This was considered necessary to determine more closely the context of the Topanga artifacts, and the nature of the occupation here expressed. The answers to these two problems should contribute importantly to our understanding of the archaeology of southern California.