THE TOWER OF LONDON [Illustration: _The Duke of Orleans a Prisoner in the Tower_ (_From a MS. in the British Museum_)] THE TOWER OF LONDON BY LORD RONALD SUTHERLAND GOWER, F.S.A. ONE OF THE TRUSTEES OF THE NATIONAL PORTRAIT GALLERY With Numerous Illustrations IN TWO VOLUMES VOL. I. [Illustration] LONDON GEORGE BELL & SONS 1901 CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION xi CHAPTER I. THE BUILDINGS 1 II. THE TOWER UNDER THE NORMAN AND PLANTAGENET KINGS 79 III. THE EDWARDS 85 IV. RICHARD II. 90 V. THE LANCASTRIANS 100 VI. THE WARS OF THE ROSES 107 VII. THE TUDOR KINGS—HENRY VII. 120 VIII. HENRY VIII. 124 IX. EDWARD VI. 169 X. MARY TUDOR 181 XI. QUEEN ELIZABETH 202 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS COLOURED PLATE The Duke of Orleans a Prisoner in the Tower. (From a MS. in the British Museum) _Frontispiece_ PHOTOGRAVURE PLATES PAGE The Tower. (From a sketch by H. Colls) 1 Plan of the Tower in 1597, by Haiward and Gascoyne 6 The Byward Tower 8 Postern Gate in the Byward Tower 10 Yeoman Porter of the Tower, bearing his emblem of office 12 The Wakefield and Bloody Towers 14 Traitor’s Gate, time of George III. 16 The Bloody Tower, looking towards Traitor’s Gate 20 Groining in Ceiling of the Bloody Tower 22 The Council Chamber in the Governor’s House 26 Prison in the Governor’s House 28 The Beauchamp Tower 30 Prison in the Beauchamp Tower 32