The Toxicity of Caffein: An experimental study on different species of animalsSalant, William
Science
The Toxicity of Caffein: An experimental study on different species of animals
Salant, William
Caffeine -- Physiological effect
_Rabbit 309. Belgian hare, female. Weight, 1,500 grams. Diet, oats._
March 2: 2.05 p. m., 2 per cent caffein solution (0.2 gram per kilo)
injected into peritoneal cavity; 2.25 p. m., found dead, no urine found
in bladder.
_Rabbit 307. Belgian hare, female. Weight, 1,320 grams. Diet, oats._
March 2: 12 noon, urine obtained from bladder, clear amber colored, no
albumin, no reduction; 12.06 p. m., 10 cc of 2 per cent caffein (0.151
gram per kilo) injected into peritoneal cavity; 1.30 p. m., rabbit
placed on floor, runs around but anterior and posterior extremities
soon extended, in tonic condition; 2.25 p. m., reflexes increased,
paralysis of extremities, dyspnoea; 4.50 p. m., about 100 cc urine
collected, no albumin, reduction of Fehling's solution moderate.
March 3: 9.30 a. m., posterior extremities extended and rigid,
anterior extremities paralyzed, respiration less frequent and deeper
than normal. Rabbit died at 11.50 a. m.; urine collected since 4.50
p. m. previous day gave very heavy reduction of Fehling's solution.
_Autopsy_: Animal in good condition; in the left axillary region was
observed a hemorrhage into the subcutaneous and muscular tissue of
that region. The ventral portion of the large colon, in contact with
the ventral abdominal wall, showed a hemorrhagic area about one-half
inch in length, such as might be produced by a puncture or bruise of
the colon through the abdominal wall. A small portion of the small
intestine adjacent to the colon was affected in a similar manner. All
internal organs were apparently normal.
_Rabbit 308. Belgian hare, female. Weight, 1,350 grams. Diet, oats._
March 2: 11.45 a. m., urine obtained from bladder, no albumen, no
reduction; 11.50 a. m., 10 cc 2 per cent caffein (0.15 gram per kilo)
injected into peritoneal cavity; 1.30 p. m., not very active, no
abnormal symptoms otherwise; 3.30 p. m., rabbit looked depressed, made
very little attempt to move about, remained in one position most of
the time when placed on floor; 4.30 p. m., 180 cc urine collected, no
albumen, reduction of Fehling's solution moderate.
March 3: 9.30 a. m., rabbit looks normal, is able to walk but is easily
fatigued when made to walk about or when placed on his side, followed
by paralysis of anterior extremities, posterior extremities apparently
normal, about 90 cc of urine collected at noon was free from albumen,
did not reduce Fehling's solution.
March 4: 11 a. m., lying on his side in cage, anterior extremities
limp, posterior extremities extended and rigid, is in dying condition.
March 5: 9 a. m., found dead. _Autopsy_: Liver engorged; spleen
congested, but not enlarged; kidneys, some congestion in cortex;
stomach filled, mucosa thickened and easily pulled off; petechial
hemorrhages on serosa of colon.
SERIES C.
The experiments of this series were made to determine the minimum toxic
dose.
_Rabbit 295. Belgian hare, female. Weight, 1,205 grams. Diet,
carrots._
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