The Toxicity of Caffein: An experimental study on different species of animalsSalant, William
Science
The Toxicity of Caffein: An experimental study on different species of animals
Salant, William
Caffeine -- Physiological effect
June 24: 10 a. m., 8 cc 2 per cent caffein injected into peritoneal
cavity; 4 p. m. under continual observation since injection, cat very
irritable, respiration more rapid than normal, diarrhea present.
Examination of the above protocols show that a dose of 2 decigrams per
kilo was fatal within one hour to one cat and that a somewhat smaller
dose killed another individual in 30 minutes. Amounts under 0.15
gram per kilo were just sufficient to induce mild symptoms, such as
increased irritability and salivation, which disappeared within a few
hours. In no case were the effects noticeable on the following day.
The experiments on young kittens are especially interesting, as they
proved, contrary to expectation, to be distinctly more resistant than
full grown individuals. The death of Nos. 97 and 96 within five and six
days, respectively, can not be ascribed to caffein, since some of the
controls also died. Moreover, it will be remarked in this connection
that no symptoms appeared in three of the four young kittens after the
administration of a dose which was rapidly fatal to adult cats. The
rapid death of No. 95 after the same dose forms an exception which can
not be accounted for, as macroscopical examination at autopsy proved
negative.
ADMINISTRATION BY MOUTH.
Two decigrams per kilo were given at first, but it was found that this
amount was surely fatal. The dose was therefore reduced to 0.125 gram
per kilo. In all of these experiments caffein was given by means of a
soft rubber catheter slipped over the stem of a funnel which served as
a stomach tube. A 2 per cent aqueous solution was used throughout these
tests except in one case in which caffein was given mixed with the food.
_Cat 92. Black and white female. Weight, 1,750 grams._
June 10: 12.05 p. m., 14 cc 2 per cent caffein (0.16 gram per kilo)
given by mouth; cat was quiet when tied on holder, struggled only a
little when tube was put into stomach; 12.30 p. m., cat vomited, no
other symptoms.
June 13: Condition good, appetite good.
_Cat 87. White female. Weight, 2,620 grams. Diet, meat._
June 5: 2.15 p. m., 20 cc 2 per cent caffein (0.15 gram per kilo)
solution administered by mouth through stomach tube; 2.30 p. m., cat
irritable, but no other symptoms; 5 p. m., condition about the same,
except that it was more irritable and showed some stiffness of the
extremities.
June 13: Alive and in good condition, appetite good, not irritable.
_Cat 91. White female. Weight, 3,050 grams._
June 10: 12 noon, 23 cc (0.15 gram per kilo) of 2 per cent caffein
administered by mouth, cat struggled violently; 1.30, salivation; 1.40
p. m., convulsions; died at 2 p. m. _Autopsy_: Congestion of lungs,
liver, and spleen; heart vessels injected; other organs normal.
_Cat 88. Black and white female. Weight, 3,260 grams. Diet, meat._
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