Like circumstances would produce the same effect in a variety of lakes, and I have not been able to identify the convent of St. Leonard’s. Indeed Leonard (_Sant Lienard_, G. T.) seems no likely name for an Armenian Saint; and the patroness of the convent (as she is of many others in that country) was perhaps Saint _Nina_, an eminent personage in the Armenian Church, whose tomb is still a place of pilgrimage; or possibly St. _Helena_, for I see that the Russian maps show a place called _Elenovka_ on the shores of Lake Sevan, N.E. of Erivan. Ramusio’s text, moreover, says that the lake was _four days in compass_, and this description will apply, I believe, to none but the lake just named. This is, according to Monteith, 47 miles in length and 21 miles in breadth, and as far as I can make out he travelled round it in three very long marches. Convents and churches on its shores are numerous, and a very ancient one occupies an island on the lake. The lake is noted for its fish, especially magnificent trout. (_Tavern._ Bk. III. ch. iii.; _J. R. G. S._ X. 897; _Pereg. Quat._ p. 179; _Khanikoff_, 15; _Moorcroft_, II. 382; _J. R. G. S._ III. 40 _seqq._) Ramusio has: “In this province there is a fine city called TIFLIS, and round about it are many castles and walled villages. It is inhabited by Christians, Armenians, Georgians, and some Saracens and Jews, but not many.” NOTE 7.—The name assigned by Marco to the Caspian, “Mer de Gheluchelan” or “Ghelachelan,” has puzzled commentators. I have no doubt that the interpretation adopted above is the correct one. I suppose that Marco said that the sea was called “La Mer de Ghel ou (de) Ghelan,” a name taken from the districts of the ancient _Gelae_ on its south-western shores, called indifferently _Gíl_ or _Gílán_, just as many other regions of Asia have like duplicate titles (singular and plural), arising, I suppose, from the change of a _gentile_ into a _local_ name. Such are Lár, Lárán, Khutl, Khutlán, etc., a class to which Badakhshán, Wakhán, Shaghnán, Mungán, Chaghánián, possibly Bámián, and many others have formerly belonged, as the adjectives in some cases surviving, _Badakhshi, Shaghni, Wákhi_, etc., show.[2] The change exemplified in the induration of these _gentile plurals_ into _local singulars_ is everywhere traced in the passage from earlier to later geography. The old Indian geographical lists, such as are preserved in the Puránas, and in Pliny’s extracts from Megasthenes, are, in the main, lists of _peoples_, not of provinces, and even where the real name seems to be local a _gentile_ form is often given. So also _Tochari_ and _Sogdi_ are replaced by _Tokháristán_ and _Sughd_; the _Veneti_ and _Taurini_ by Venice and Turin; the _Remi_ and the _Parisii_, by Rheims and Paris; _East-Saxons_ and _South-Saxons_ by Essex and Sussex; not to mention the countless _-ings_ that mark