NOTE 1.—The only MSS. that afford the reading _Coloman_ or _Choloman_ instead of _Toloman_ or _Tholoman_, are the Bern MS., which has _Coloman_ in the initial word of the chapter, Paris MS. 5649 (Pauthier’s C) which has _Coloman_ in the Table of Chapters, but not in the text, the Bodleian, and the Brandenburg MS. quoted in the last note. These variations in themselves have little weight. But the confusion between _c_ and _t_ in mediæval MSS., when dealing with strange names, is so constant that I have ventured to make the correction, in strong conviction that it is the right reading. M. Pauthier indeed, after speaking of tribes called _Lo_ on the south-west of China, adds, “on les nommait _To-lo-man_ (‘les nombreux Barbares Lo’).” Were this latter statement founded on actual evidence we might retain that form which is the usual reading. But I apprehend from the manner in which M. Pauthier produces it, without corroborative quotation, that he is rather hazarding a conjecture than speaking with authority. Be that as it may, it is impossible that Polo’s Toloman or Coloman should have been in the south of Kwangsi, where Pauthier locates it. On the other hand, we find tribes of both _Kolo_ and _Kihlau_ Barbarians (_i.e._ _Mán_, whence KOLO-MÁN or _Kihlau-mán_) very numerous on the frontier of Kweichau. (See _Bridgman’s transl. of Tract on Meautsze_, pp. 265, 269, 270, 272, 273, 274, 275, 278, 279, 280.) Among these the _Kolo_, described as No. 38 in that Tract, appear to me from various particulars to be the most probable representatives of the Coloman of Polo, notwithstanding the sentence with which the description opens: “_Kolo_ originally called _Luluh_; the modern designation _Kolo_ is incorrect.”[1] They are at present found in the prefecture of Tating (one of the departments of Kweichau towards the Yun-nan side). “They are _tall, of a dark complexion_, with sunken eyes, aquiline nose, wear long whiskers, and have the beard shaved off above the mouth. They pay great deference to demons, and on that account are sometimes called ‘Dragons of Lo.’... At the present time these Kolo are divided into 48 clans, the elders of which are called Chieftains (lit. ‘Head-and-Eyes’) and are of nine grades.... The men bind their hair into a tuft with blue cloth and make it fast on the forehead like a horn. Their upper dresses are short, with large sleeves, and their lower garments are fine blue. When one of the chieftains dies, all that were under him are assembled together clad in armour and on horseback. Having dressed his corpse in silk and woollen robes, they burn it in the open country; then, invoking the departed spirit, they inter the ashes. Their attachment to him as their sole master is such that nothing can drive or tempt them from their allegiance. Their large bows, long spears, and sharp swords, are strong and well-wrought.