[233] The name Chile did not belong to the whole country included in the present Republic of Chile, nor even to any large part of it. The north part of modern Chile was known to the Yncas as Copayapu (Copiapo); further south was the province of Coquimpu (Coquimbo); and the central part of modern Chile was called Canconicagua, and also Chilli, the latter name being probably that of a chief. Valdivia adopted the name of Canconicagua, while Almagro called it the valley of Chilli. The followers of Almagro and assassins of Pizarro were always known as “los de Chile”. The name of Chile was long applied only to the valley of Aconcagua, including Quillota; and that was no doubt the sense in which it was used by the natives and by their Ynca conquerors. Afterwards, the Spaniards gave the name of Chile to the whole country on the Pacific coast, from Copiapo to Valdivia. The native form of the word was Chilli, which the Spaniards softened into Chile. In the north of Peru, in the provinces of Chachapoyas and Pataz, there are three villages called Chilia; and the word occurs in several names of places in southern Peru, such as Pacon-chile, Chilihua, and the river Chile at Arequipa. The word _Chiri_ means cold in Quichua. But Vicuña Mackenna maintains (_Relaciones Historicas_: art. “Origen del Nombre de Chile”, p. 92) that the name is indigenous to the country, and was used before the Ynca conquest; that originally it was local, and was applied only to the valley of Aconcagua, but that it had no special meaning. [234] “_Y formas de hombres crecidos._” The meaning is not clear. The Spanish editor suggests “_Y fuera mas de hombres creida_.” [235] See p. 91. [236] Cieza de Leon also gives an account of the roads of the Yncas in his First Part (chapter xlii), p. 153, which is quoted _in extenso_ by Garcilasso de la Vega (I, lib. ix, cap. 13). See also Zarate (_Historia del Peru_, lib. i, cap. 10), and, for a modern account, Velasco (_Historia de Quito_, i, p. 59). [237] _Yscay_, “two”; _pacha_, “hundred”; _huaranca_, “thousand”; _runa_, “men”; _cuna_, the plural particle. [238] The island in the bay of Guayaquil. [239] This is chapter liv of the edition of 1554. See my Translation, p. 192. In this chapter Cieza de Leon gives a full account of the treacherous murder of the Orejones by the people of Puná. Garcilasso de la Vega, in his version of the affair, copies largely from Cieza de Leon (I, lib. ix, caps. 1, 2, 3). [240] Where now stands the city of Guayaquil. In the 17th century the place still retained the name of the “Pass of Huayna Capac”.