The treatment of nature in English poetry between Pope and WordsworthReynolds, Myra
History
The treatment of nature in English poetry between Pope and Wordsworth
Reynolds, Myra
English poetry -- History and criticism; Nature in literature
Isabella in Dryden’s “The Wild Gallant” speaks the general sentiment:
“He I marry must promise me to live at London. I cannot abide to be
in the country, like a wild beast in the wilderness.”[14] So, too,
Harriet, in “The Man of Mode,” counted all beyond Hyde Park a desert,
and said that her love of the town was so intense as to make her hate
the country even in pictures and hangings.[15] In “Epsom Wells” the
apostle of “a pretty innocent country life” is the boor, Clodpate, but
Lucia assures him that people really live nowhere but in London, for
the “insipid dull being” of country folk cannot be called life.[16] It
was in much the same spirit that Lady Mary Pierrepont responded to Lord
Montagu’s proposition that they should live at Wharnecliffe. “Very few
people,” she said, “that have settled entirely in the country but have
grown at length weary of one another.”[17] Her preference for town life
recurs in her poem, “The Bride in the Country.”
By the side of a half rotten wood
Melantha sat silently down,
Convinced that her scheme was not good,
And vexed to be absent from Town.
How simple was I to believe
Delusive, poetical dreams!
Or the flattering landscapes they give
Of meadows and murmuring streams.
Bleak mountains, and cold starving rocks,
Are the wretched result of my pains;
The swains greater brutes than their flocks,
The nymphs as polite as the swains.[18]
When Shenstone’s young squire went forth to London in search of a wife
the desired lady declared that she “could breathe nowhere else but in
town.”[19] Lyttleton’s fair maiden finds country life “supinely calm,
and dully innocent,” and affirms that
The town, the Court, is Beauty’s proper sphere.[20]
Young’s Fulvia had a similar passion for the town.
Green fields, and shady groves, and crystal springs,
And larks, and nightingales, are odious things;
And smoke, and dust, and noise, and crowds, delight,
And to be pressed to death, transports her quite.[21]
In Aaron Hill’s poems we find a characteristic contest over the
respective merits of city and country. Philemon exclaims,
Let rustic sports engage the lab’ring hind,
And cultivated acres plough his mind;
Let him to unfrequented woods repair,
And snuff, unenvy’d, his lean mountain air.
Damon endeavors to defend
Th’ unglorious preference of a country life
by calling in evidence Cowley’s retirement to the shades, but Philemon
triumphantly shows that Cowley’s dislike of the town was a clear case
of sour grapes. In the end Damon recognizes that it is weak and unmanly
to prefer the country.[22] Browne’s Celia explains to Chloe that
country life may become endurable if one does not give herself up to
“dull landscape,” but learns to think of the country as “the town in
miniature.”[23]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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