The treatment of nature in English poetry between Pope and WordsworthReynolds, Myra
History
The treatment of nature in English poetry between Pope and Wordsworth
Reynolds, Myra
English poetry -- History and criticism; Nature in literature
A quarter of a century later we find these artists in undiminished
authority, for Mason (“The English Garden,” 1772) declares that the
true law-givers in the realm of the picturesque are Claude, Salvator
Rosa, and Ruysdael. An interesting illustration of the general
acceptance of the Italian or Dutch masters comes in 1754 from the realm
of house decoration. In that year Mr. Jackson of Battersea published
“An Essay on the Invention of Engraving and Printing ... and the
Application of it to the Making of Paper Hangings” in which he advised,
in order to show “the Taste of the owner,” “the introduction into the
Pannels of the Paper” of prints taken from “the works of Salvator Rosa,
Claude Lorrain, Gasper Poussin, Berghem, or Wouverman or any other
great master” in landscape. But perhaps, after all, no class of writers
shows more clearly the tendency to regard English scenes from the point
of view of Italian landscape art than do the early travelers. Dr. Brown
in his famous “Letter from Keswick” says that to give a complete idea
of the beauty of that region would require the united powers of Claude,
Salvator, and Poussin. “The first should throw his delicate sunshine
over the cultivated vales, the scattered cots, the groves, the lake,
and wooded islands. The second should dash out the horror of the rugged
cliffs, the steeps, the hanging woods, and foaming waterfalls; while
the grand pencil of Poussin should crown the whole with the majesty of
impending mountains.” So, too, Mr. Cradock says his utmost of Snowdon
when he boldly declares that it is as rich a region to him as Tivoli
or Frascati, and that “the romantic imagination of Salvator Rosa was
never inspired with a more tremendous idea, nor his extravagant pencil
never produced a bolder precipice.” Mr. Hutchinson in praising Keswick
and Skiddaw says that “Claude in his happiest hour never struck out
a finer landscape.” In a summary of the glories of the Lake District
he says, “The painters [_sic_] of Poussin describe the nobleness
of Hulls-water; the works of Salvator Rosa express the romantic and
rocky scenes of Keswick; and the tender and elegant touches of Claude
Loraine, and Smith, pencil forth the rich variety of Windermere.”
West’s “Guide” is professedly written in the interests of landscape
painting, but not of English landscape art, though by 1778 there was
strong and abundant English work. In each scene West still finds
suggestions of Italian painters only. Throughout his tour he marked
many “Stations” from which the artist in search of material could
get hints for pictures. On Coniston Lake he would find verified “the
delicate touches of Claude,” on Windermere-water “the noble scenes of
Poussin,” on Derwentwater “the stupendous, romantic ideas of Salvator
Rosa.” A traveler across Lancaster Sands would see the mountain of
Ingleborough from “as happy a point of view as that selected by Claude
in his picture of Soracte on the Tyber.” The region of the Langdale
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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