The treatment of nature in English poetry between Pope and WordsworthReynolds, Myra
History
The treatment of nature in English poetry between Pope and Wordsworth
Reynolds, Myra
English poetry -- History and criticism; Nature in literature
In the main it was a revelation of new delights, not
of disturbing theories, or vexing problems. A touch more of subtlety,
of vision, of mystery, of the faculty divine, and Thomson might have
waited for recognition as Wordsworth did.[327]
John Dyer’s (1700–1758) more ambitious poems, “The Ruins of Rome”
(1740) and “The Fleece” (1757), belong to a much later period than the
present. Of these the first may be passed over as containing hardly
a touch of Nature. The second is a long didactic poem showing much
technical knowledge of sheep-raising, weaving, dyeing, and home and
foreign trade. It has frequent panegyrics of liberty and simplicity.
It abounds with geographical details, and is notable as having so many
full and often exact descriptive references to the rivers of Great
Britain. The Avon, the Severn, the Thames, the Towy, the Vaga, the
Ryddol, the Ystwith, the Clevedoc, the Lune, the Coker, the Ouze, and
the Usk are chief among these. He is apparently always conscious of the
rivers, rills, streams, or waterfalls in any landscape. But in general
the poem is conventional in diction,[328] in the choice of similitudes,
and in the occasional descriptions. Its use of geographical details,
though sometimes suggestive and stimulating, as in the lines,
Tempestuous regions, Darwent’s naked peaks,
Snowden and blue Plynlymmon and the wide
Aërial sides of Cader-yddris huge,[329]
is more often simply wearisome. It is true of Dyer, as it was of
Thomson, that his really excellent poetry of Nature was written when
he was fresh from long and familiar knowledge of Nature in her wilder
forms, and that travel and contact with men served to dull the power
of these early experiences. “Grongar Hill” and “The Country Walk” were
published the same year as Thomson’s “Summer,” and were doubtless
written the year before. They could hardly have been a result of the
impetus given by Thomson to the study of Nature. They are rather an
original and independent contribution toward the same end. They were
the expression of personal experience, and the direct outcome of
native taste and singularly fortunate environment. Dyer’s life before
his school days at Westminster was spent in the wild and romantic
country in Carmarthenshire, and during the years immediately preceding
the publication of these two poems he was wandering through other
parts of South Wales as an “itinerant painter.” His previous study
with Richardson had helped to develop that artistic sensitiveness
to external impressions so apparent in his early work. He notes the
colors and shapes of the trees grouped below him, the gloomy pine
and sable yew, the blue poplar, the yellow beech, the fir with its
slender, tapering trunk, the sturdy oak with its broad-spread boughs.
The changing horizon line as he climbs the hill, the long level lines
of the lawn, the various movements of rivers running swift or slow,
through sun and shade, the streaks of meadow, the close, small lines
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