Regulations, directives and decisions adopted jointly by the European Parliament and the Council, and such acts adopted by the Council or the Commission, shall state the reasons on which they are based and shall refer to any proposals or opinions which were required to be obtained pursuant to this Treaty." 63) Article 191 shall be replaced by the following: "ARTICLE 191 1. Regulations, directives and decisions adopted in accordance with the procedures referred to in Article 189b shall be signed by the President of the European Parliament and by the President of the Council and published in the Official Journal of the Community. They shall enter into force on the date specified in them or, in the absence thereof, on the twentieth day following that of their publication. 2. Regulations of the Council and of the Commission, as well as directives of those institutions which are address to all Member States, shall be published in the Official Journal of the Community. They shall enter into force on the date specified in them or, in the absence thereof, on the twentieth day following that of their publication. 3. Other directives, and decisions, shall be notified to those whom they are address and shall take effect upon such notification." 64) Article 194 shall be replaced by the following: "ARTICLE 194 The number of members of the Economic and Social Committee shall be as follows: Belgium 12 Denmark 9 Germany 24 Greece 12 Spain 21 France 24 Ireland 9 Italy 24 Luxembourg 6 Netherlands 12 Portugal 12 United Kingdom 24 The members of the Committee shall be appointed by the Council, acting unanimously, for four years. Their appointments shall be renewable. The members of the Committee may not be bound by any mandatory instructions. They shall be completely independent in the performance of their duties, in the general interest of the Community. The Council, acting by a qualified majority, shall determine the allowances of members of the Committee." 65) Article 196 shall be replaced by the following: "ARTICLE 196 The Committee shall elect its chairman and officers from among its members for a term of two years. It shall adopt its rules of procedure. The Committee shall be convened by its chairman at the request of the Council or of the Commission. It may also meet on its own initiative." 66) Article 198 shall be replaced by the following: "ARTICLE 198 The Committee must be consulted by the Council of the Commission where this Treaty so provides. The Committee may be consulted by these institutions in all cases in which they consider it appropriate. It may issue an opinion on its own initiative in cases in which it considers such action appropriate. The Council or the Commission shall, if it considers it necessary, set the Committee, for the submission of its opinion, a time limit which may not be less than one month from the date on which the chairman receives notification to this effect. Upon expiry of the time limit, the