Marcus Cicero, as he was attending Caius Cæsar to the Capitol,
happened to be telling some of his friends a dream which he had the
preceding night, in which he saw a comely youth let down from
heaven by a golden chain, who stood at the door of the Capitol, and
had a whip put into his hands by Jupiter. And immediately upon
sight of Augustus, who had been sent for by his uncle Cæsar to the
sacrifice, and was as yet perfectly unknown to most of the company,
he affirmed that it was the very boy he had seen in his dream. When
he assumed the manly toga, his senatorian tunic becoming loose in
the seam on each side, fell at his feet. Some would have this to
forebode, that the order of which that was the badge of
distinction, would some time or other be subject to him.[140]
Omens also played an important rôle in molding the destiny of the Roman
state. In his "Life of Cæsar Augustus," Suetonius says:
Some signs and omens he regarded as infallible. If in the morning,
his shoe was put on wrong, the left instead of the right, that
boded some disaster. If when he commenced a long journey, by land
or sea, there happened to fall a mizzling rain, he held it to be a
good sign of a speedy and happy return. He was much affected
likewise with anything out of the common course of nature. A
palm-tree which chanced to grow up between some stones in the court
of his house, he transplanted into a court where the images of the
Household Gods were placed, and took all possible care to make it
thrive. In the island of Capri, some decayed branches of an old
ilex, which hung drooping to the ground, recovered themselves upon
his arrival; at which he was so delighted, that he made an
exchange with the Republic of Naples, of the Island of Ischia, for
that of Capri. He likewise observed certain days; as never to go
from home the day after the Numdinæ, nor to begin any serious
business upon the nones; avoiding nothing else in it, as he writes
to Tiberius, than its unlucky name.[141]
Any unusual happening and all the striking phenomena of nature were
regarded by the Romans as prodigies or omens indicative of the will of
the gods. The nature of the occurrence indicated the pleasure or the
wrath of the deity. An eclipse of the sun and the moon, a shooting star,
a rainbow of peculiar color, showers of stones and ashes, were regarded
as awful prodigies, and generally threw the Roman Senate into a panic.
On such occasions, the pontifical college called a hurried meeting. The
augurs and haruspices were summoned to immediate duty; and everything
was done to ascertain the will of the gods and to do their bidding. A
two-headed snake or a three-legged chicken, such as we frequently see
to-day, would have shaken the whole Roman religious system to the
center.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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