The tribes and castes of the North-Western Provinces and Oudh, Volume 1 (of 4)Crooke, William
History
The tribes and castes of the North-Western Provinces and Oudh, Volume 1 (of 4)
Crooke, William
Caste -- India -- History; Hindus -- India; Tribes -- India -- History
fixed at Rs.25 formerly, but greed dictates the sum now, which is often
as much as Rs.40.
5. “The Bhagat now begins chanting some song, which he composes as he
goes on, and introduces into it the names of the different families in
the camp, having a word or two to say about each. The better portion
get vile abuse, are called a bad lot, and disposed of quickly; but he
now assumes an ironical appearance, begins to extol the virtues of a
certain family, becomes facetious, and praises the representative of
that family who is before him. All know that the sorceress is a member
of that family; and its representative puts numberless questions to the
Bhagat relative to his family and connections, his worldly goods, and
what gods he worships; the name of the sorceress he calls for; inquires
who taught her sorcery (jâdu); and how and why it was practised in this
particular instance. The business is now closed by a goat being killed
and offered up to Biroliya, and then all return to their camp.
6. “Even now a man may refuse to acknowledge this Bhagat, and will, if
the sorceress be a wife or daughter to whom he is attached, should he
have money to take the business on to another tribunal. But as he has
to pay the expenses of all the men who accompany him, all cannot afford
to question a Bhagat’s decision. Sometimes the man will tell his wife,
if he is certain she will obey him, to commit suicide; and as she knows
full well the punishment is death, and that she must meet it in some
form almost at once, when thus enjoined she will obey generally.
Otherwise the husband with a witness or two, taking advantage of the
first opportunity when she has left the camp, kills and buries her with
all her clothing and ornaments. A meeting of the council is held, the
witnesses declare the business has been completed satisfactorily, and
the husband may or may not agree to the judgment of the council with
regard to his pecuniary liabilities. He has to pay all the expenses of
the deputation; by the Bhagat is fined Rs.100 or Rs.150; and if he has
refused to do the deed himself, and others have had to do it for him,
or the sick man dies, he has to give a large sum besides to the man’s
family for their support. This fine originally belonged to Bhangi
Nâik’s representative, Râmu Nâik; but it is often kept by the different
Nâiks themselves now. Râmu has still great influence; but he has used
his power so cruelly that many have seceded from his control, and have
Nâiks of their own, whom they now obey almost implicitly. There are men
in this district well known to me who have been fined six or eight
thousand rupees for small misdemeanours, and it is hardly to be
wondered at that this thing could not continue for ever.” It is
satisfactory to note that under the influence of British law these
cruel proceedings are now practically unknown; but those best
acquainted with the facts are certain that there would be an immediate
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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