The tribes and castes of the North-Western Provinces and Oudh, Volume 2 (of 4)Crooke, William
History
The tribes and castes of the North-Western Provinces and Oudh, Volume 2 (of 4)
Crooke, William
Caste -- India -- History; Hindus -- India; Tribes -- India -- History
Tîs din sûtak pânch roz ratwanti nâri,
Sera karo shnân sil santokh suchh pyâri.
Pâni bâni îdhni itna lîjo chhân.
Daya dharm hirdê dharo guru batâi jân.
Chori nindya jûth barjya bâd na kariyo koê.
Amal tamâku bhang lil dûr hi tyâgo.
Mad mâs se dekh ke dûr hi bhâgo.
Amar rakhâo thât bail tani na bâho.
Amâshya barat rûnkh lîlo na ghâo.
Hom, jap samâdh pûja bâsh baikunthi pâo.
Untîs dharm ki âkhri guru batâi soê,
Pâhul doê par châvya jis ko nâm Bishnoi hoê.
Which is thus interpreted: ‘For thirty days after child-birth and five
days after a menstrual discharge a woman must not cook food. Bathe in
the morning. Commit not adultery. Be content. Be abstemious and pure.
Strain your drinking water. Be careful of your speech. Examine your
fuel in case any living creature be burnt with it. Show pity to living
creatures. Keep duty present to your mind as the Teacher bade. Do not
steal. Do not speak evil of others. Do not tell lies. Never quarrel.
Avoid opium, tobacco, bhang, and blue clothing. Flee from spirits and
flesh. See that your goats are kept alive (not sold to Musalmâns, who
will kill them for food). Do not plough with bullocks. Keep a fast on
the day before the new moon. Do not cut green trees. Sacrifice with
fire. Say prayers. Meditate. Perform worship and attain heaven. And the
last of the twenty-nine duties prescribed by the Teacher—‘Baptize your
children, if you would be called a true Bishnoi.’”
[Social life.] 5. “Some of these precepts are not strictly obeyed; for
instance, though ordinarily they allow no blue in their clothing, yet a
Bishnoi, if he is a servant of the British Government, is allowed to
wear a blue uniform; and Bishnois do use bullocks, though most of their
farming is done with camels. They also seem to be unusually quarrelsome
(in words) and given to use bad language. But they abstain from
tobacco, drugs, and spirits, and are noted for their regard for animal
life, which is such that not only will they not themselves kill any
living creature, but they do their utmost to prevent others from doing
so. Consequently their villages are generally swarming with antelope
and other animals, and they forbid their Musalmân neighbours to kill
them, and try to dissuade European sportsmen from interfering with
them. They wanted to make it a condition of their settlement that no
one should be allowed to shoot on their land, but at the same time they
asked that they might be assessed at lower rates than their neighbours
on the ground that the antelope being thus left undisturbed do more
damage to their crops; but I told them that this would lessen the merit
(pun) of their good actions in protecting the animals, and they must be
treated just as the surrounding villages were. They consider it a good
deed to scatter grain to pigeons and other birds, and often have a
large number of half-tame birds about their villages. The day before
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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