A. Stimming, _Provenzaliscke Literatur in Gröber's Grundriss der Romanischen Philologie_, Strassburg, 1888, vol. ii. part ii. contains useful bibliographical notices. A. Restori, _Letteratura provenzale_, Milan, 1891 (_Manuali Hoepli_), an excellent little work. A. Jeanroy, _Les origines de la poésie lyrique en France_, 2nd edit., Paris, 1904. J. Anglade, _Les troubadours_, Paris, 1908, an excellent and trustworthy work, in popular style, with a good bibliography. J. H. Smith, _The troubadours at Home_, 2 vols., New York, 1899; popularises scientific knowledge by impressions of travel in Southern France, photographs, and historical imagination: generally stimulating and suggestive, Most histories of French literature devote some space to Provençal; e.g. Suchier & Birch-Hirschfeld, _Geschichte der französischen Litteratur_, Leipsic, 1900. The works of Millot and Fauriel are now somewhat antiquated. _Trobador Poets_, Barbara Smythe, London, 1911, contains an introduction and translations from various troubadours. DICTIONARIES AND GRAMMARS F. Raynouard, _Lexique roman_, 6 vols., Paris, 1838-1844, supplemented by. E. Levy, _Provenzalisches supplement-Wörterbuch_, Leipsic, 1894, not yet completed, but indispensable. E. Levy, _Petit dictionnaire provençal-français_, Heidelberg, 1908. J. B. Roquefort, _Glossaire de la langue romane_, 3 vols., Paris, 1820. W. Meyer-Lübke, _Grammaire des langues romanes_, French translation of the German, Paris, 1905. C. H. Grandgent, _An outline of the phonology and morphology of old Provençal_, Boston, 1905. H. Suchier, _Die französiche und provenzalische Sprache_ in Gröber's _Grundriss_. A French translation, _Le Français et le Provençal_, Paris, 1891. TEXTS The following chrestomathies contain tables of grammatical forms (except in the case of Bartsch) texts and vocabularies. _Altprovenzalisches Elementarbuch_, O. Schultz-Gora, Heidelberg, 1906, an excellent work for beginners. _Provenzalische Chrestomathie_, C. Appel, Leipsic, 1907, 3rd edit. _Manualetto provenzale_, V. Crescini, Padua, 1905, 2nd edit. _Chrestomathie provençal_, K. Bartsch, re-edited by Koschwitz, Marburg, 1904. The following editions of individual troubadours have been published. Alegret. _Annales du Midi_, no. 74. Arnaut Daniel. U. A. Canello, Halle, 1883. Bernart de Rovenac. G. Borsdorff, Erlangen, 1907. Bartolomeo Zorzi. E. Levy, Halle, 1883. Bertran d'Alamanon. J. Salverda de Grave, Toulouse, 1902 (_Bibliothèque Méridionale_). Bertran de Born. A. Thomas, Toulouse, 1888 (_Bibliothèque Méridionale_). Bertran de Born. A. Stimming, Halle, 1892 (and in the _Romanischz Bibliothek_, Leipsic). Blacatz. O. Soltau, Leipsic, 1890. Cercamon. Dr Dejeanne, Toulouse, 1905 (_Annales du Midi_, vol. xvii.). Elias de Barjols. Stronski, Paris, 1906 (_Bibliothèque Méridionale_ vi.). Folquet de Marselha. Stronski, Cracow, 1911. Folquet de Romans. Zenker (_Romanische Bibliothek_). Gavaudan. A. Jeanroy, _Romania_, xxxiv., p. 497.