Guillaume IX. Comte de Poitiers. A. Jeanroy, Toulouse, 1905. Guillem Anelier de Toulouse. M. Gisi, Solothurn, 1877. Guillem de Cabestanh. F. Hüffer, Berlin, 1869. Guillem Figueira. E. Levy, Berlin, 1880. Guillem de Montanhagol. J. Coulet, _Bibliothèque Méridionale_, iv., Toulouse. Guiraut de Bornelh. A. Kolsen, Berlin, 1894 and 1911. Guiraut d'Espanha. P. Savi-Lopez. _Studj mediaevali_, Fasc. 3, Turin, 1905. Guiraut Riquier, Étude sur, etc. J. Anglade, Paris, 1905. Jaufre Rudel. A Stimming, Kiel, 1873. Marcabrun. Dr Dejeanne. _Bibliothèque Méridionale_, 1910. Marcoat. Dr Dejeanne, Toulouse, 1903 (_Annales du Midi_, xv.). Monk of Montaudon. E. Philippson, Halle, 1873; O. Klein, Marburg, 1885. N' At de Mons. Bernhard. _Altfranzösische Bibliothek, Heilbronn_. Paulet de Marselha. E. Levy, Paris, 1882. Peire d'Alvernhe (d'Auvergne). R. Zenker, Rostock, 1900. Peire Vidal. K. Bartsch, Berlin, 1857 (an edition by J. Anglade is about to appear). Peire Rogier. C. Appel, Berlin, 1892. Perdigon. H.J. Chaytor, _Annales du Midi_, xxi. Pons de Capdoill. M. Napolski, Halle, 1879. Raimbaut de Vaqueiras. O. Schultz, Halle, 1893. Raimon de Miraval, Etude sur, etc. P. Andraud, Paris, 1902. Sordel. De Lollis, Halle, 1896 (_Romanische Bibliothek_). Numerous separate pieces have been published in the various periodicals concerned with Romance philology, as also have diplomatic copies of several MSS. Of these periodicals, the most important for Provençal are _Romania, les Annales du Midi, Zeitschrift der Romanischen Philologie, Archiv fur das Studium der neueren Sprachen, Romanische Studien, Studj di filologia romanza, Revue des langues romanes_. Mahn's _Gedichte der Troubadours_, 4 vols., Berlin, 1856-71, contains diplomatic copies of MSS.; his _Werke der Troubadours_, Berlin, 1846-55, contains reprints from Raynouard, _Choix des poésies originales des Troubadours_, Paris, 1816. Suchier, _Denkmäler provenzalischer Sprache_, Halle, 1883; Appel, _Provenzalische Inedita_, Leipsic, 1890; Chabaneau, _Poesies inédites des Troubadours du Perigord_, Paris, 1885; P. Meyer, _Les derniers troubadours de Provence_, Paris, 1871, should be mentioned. Most of the pieces in the _Parnasse Occitanien_, Toulouse, 1819, are to be found better edited elsewhere. Other pieces are to be found in various _Festschriften_ and occasional or private publications, too numerous to be detailed here. C. Chabaneau, _Les biographies des Troubadours_, Toulouse, 1885 (part of the _Histoire générale de Languedoc_) is full of valuable information. The biographies have been translated by I. Farnell, _Lives of the Troubadours_, London, 1896. NOTES CHAPTER I 1. See maps at the end of Gröber's _Grundriss_, vol. i. 2. _De Vulg. El._ I., 8: alii oc, alii oïl, alii si affirmando loquuntur, and _Vita Nuova_, xxv. Dante also knew the term provincialis. 3. Boethius. F. Hündgen, Oppeln, 1884. For Sainte Foy d'Agen, see _Romania_ xxxi., p, 177 ff.