Civilization, Medieval, in literature; Provençal poetry -- History and criticism; Troubadours
27. Eckbertus, _Serm. adv. Catharos, Migne, Patr. Lat._, tom. 193. p.
73.
28. _Cf._ Milman, _Latin Christianity_, Book IX. chap. viii. p. 85.
29. On religious lyric poetry, see Lowinsky, _Zeitschrift für
französische Sprache und Litteratur_, xx. p. 163 ff., and the
bibliographical note to Stimming's article in Gröber's _Grundriss_, vol.
ii. part ii. § 32.
CHAPTER VII
Most histories of Italian literature deal with this subject. See
Gaspary's _Italian Literature to the death of Dante_: H. Oelsner, Bohn's
Libraries. See also the chapter, _La poésie française en Italie_ in
Jeanroy's _Origines_. For Dante, see _Storia letteraria d'Italia,
scritta di una società di professori_, Milan, vol. iii., Dante, by
Zingarelli. _The Troubadours of Dante_, Chaytor, Oxford, 1902. Useful
are A. Thomas, _Francesco da Barberino et la littérature provençale en
Italie au moyen âge_, Paris, 1883. O. Schultz, _Die Lebensverhältnisse
der Italienischen Trobadors_, Berlin, 1883.
30. Schultz, _Die Briefe des Trobadors Raimbaut de Vaqueiras an Bonifaz
I._, Halle, 1883.
31. Zingarelli, _Intorno a due Trovatori in Italia_, Florence, 1899.
CHAPTER VIII
Milà y Fontañals, _Los trovadores en España_, Barcelona, 1861, remains
the best work on the subject. On Portugal, the article in Gröber's
_Grundriss_, ii. 2, p. 129, by C. Michaelis de Vasconcellos and Th.
Braga is admirable: see the bibliographical references there given and
the introduction to R. Lang, _Das Liederbuch des Königs Denis von
Portugal_, Halle, 1894.
32. The date of this poem is disputed, see Dr Dejeanne's edition of
Marcabrun, p. 235.
33. F. Guessard, _Grammaires Provençales_, Paris, 1858; E. Stengel, _Die
beiden ältesten prov. Gram._, Marburg, 1878.
CHAPTER IX
Troubadour influence in Germany is discussed at greater or less length
in most histories of German literature. See Jeanroy, _Origines_, p. 270
ff. A. Lüderitz, _Die Liebestheorien der Provenzalen bei den
Minnesingern der Slauferzeit_, Literarhistorische Forschungen, Berlin,
1904.
For France. A. Jeanroy, _De nostratibus medii aevi poetis qui primum
Aquitaniae carmina imitati sint_, Paris, 1889.
For England. Schofield, _English Literature from the Norman Conquest to
Chaucer_, London, 1906. O. Heider, _Untersuchungen zur mittelenglischen
erotischen Lyrik_, Halle, 1905. A. Brandl, _Spielmann's verhältnisse in
frühmittelenglischer Zeit_, Sitzungs-berichte der Königl. preuss.,
Akademie, 1910.
34. Bédier, _Chansons de Croisade_, Paris, 1909, p. 112.
35. See introduction to Leo Wiese, _Die Lieder des Blondel de Nesle_,
Dresden, 1904, p. 19 ff.
36. _Romania_, viii. p. 370.
37. K. Böddeker, _Altenglische Dichtungen des MS. Harl._ 2253, Berlin,
1878.
38. Modern Language Review, vol. 1. p. 285; vol. ii. p. 60, articles by
Prof. Skeat.
39. P. Leinig, _Grammatik der provenzalischen Leys d'amors verglichen
mit der Sprache der Troubadours_, Breslau, 1890. M. Gatien. Arnoult,
_Monuments de la littérature romane_, Toulouse, 1841.
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