The experiment was made in June, 1752; in the following October the
above letter was written, and the news it contained appears to have
rushed over the world without any effort on his part to spread it. He
never wrote anything more concerning this experiment than the very
simple and unaffected letter to Mr. Collinson. But people, of course,
asked him about it, and from the details which they professed to have
obtained grand statements have been built up describing his conduct and
emotions on that memorable June afternoon on the outskirts of
Philadelphia, probably somewhere in the neighborhood of the present Vine
Street, near Fourth; how his heart stood still with anxiety lest the
trial should fail; how with trembling hand he applied his knuckles to
the key, and the wild exultation with which he saw success crown his
efforts.
But it is safe to say that there were none of these theatrical
exhibitions, and that he made the experiment in that matter-of-fact and
probably half-humorous way in which he did everything. Nothing important
depended on it, for he had already proved conclusively, not only by
reasoning but by his suggested experiments which had been tried in
Europe, that thunder and lightning were phenomena of electricity. The
kite was used because there were in Philadelphia no high steeples on
which he could try the experiment that had proved his discovery in
France.
But it was Franklin’s good fortune on a number of occasions to be placed
in picturesque and striking situations, which greatly increased his
fame. He did not foresee that kite-flying would be one of these, and as
it was not essential to his discovery of the nature of lightning, he was
disinclined at first to think much of it, and did not even report it to
Mr. Collinson until after several months had elapsed. But the world
fixed upon it instantly as something easy to remember. To this day it is
the popular way of illustrating Franklin’s discovery, and is all that
most people know of his contributions to science.
He went on steadily reporting his experiments to Collinson, and in 1753
was at work on the mistaken hypothesis of the sea being the grand source
of lightning, but at the same time making the discovery of the negative
and sometimes positive electricity of the clouds. He had a rod erected
on his house to draw down into it the mystical fire of any passing
clouds, with bells arranged to warn him when his apparatus was working;
and it was about this time that he was struck senseless and almost
killed while trying the effect of an electrical shock on a turkey.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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