This was Franklin’s greatest and most permanent service to his country,
more valuable than his work in England or France, and a fitting close to
his long life. The most active period of his life, as he has told us,
was between his seventieth and eighty-second years. How much can be done
in eighty vigorous years, and what labors had he performed and what
pleasures and vast experiences enjoyed in that time! Few men do their
best work at such a great age. Moses, however, we are told, was eighty
years old before he began his life’s greatest work of leading the
children of Israel out of Egypt. But it would be difficult to find any
other instances in history except Franklin.
After the Constitution as prepared by the convention had been engrossed
and read, it became a question whether all the members of the convention
could be persuaded to sign it, and Franklin handed one of his happy
speeches to Mr. Wilson to be read. He admitted that the Constitution did
not satisfy him; it was not as he would have had it prepared; but still
he would sign it. With all its faults it was better than none. A new
convention would not make a better one, for it would merely bring
together a new set of prejudices and passions. He was old enough, he
said, to doubt somewhat the infallibility of his own judgment. He was
willing to believe that others might be right as well as he; and he
amused the members with his humor and the witty story of the French lady
who, in a dispute with her sister, said, “I don’t know how it happens,
sister, but I meet with nobody but myself that is always in the right.”
“It therefore astonishes me, sir, to find this system
approaching so near to perfection as it does; and I think it
will astonish our enemies, who are waiting with confidence to
hear that our councils are confounded, like those of the
builders of Babel, and that our States are on the point of
separation, only to meet hereafter for the purpose of cutting
one another’s throats....
“On the whole, sir, I cannot help expressing a wish, that every
member of the Convention who may still have objections to it,
would with me on this occasion doubt a little of his own
infallibility, and, to make _manifest_ our _unanimity_, put his
name to this instrument.”
At the close of the reading of his speech Franklin moved that the
Constitution be signed, and offered as a convenient form,--
“Done in Convention by the unanimous consent of the States
present the 17th day of September, etc. In witness whereof we
have hereunto subscribed our names.”
Madison explains that this form, with the words “consent of the States,”
had been drawn up by Gouverneur Morris to gain the doubtful States’
rights party. It was given to Franklin, he says, “that it might have the
better chance of success.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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