The uncivilized races of men in all countries of the world; vol. 1 of 2: Being a comprehensive account of their manners and customs, and of their physical, social, mental, moral and religious characteristicsWood, J. G. (John George)
History
The uncivilized races of men in all countries of the world; vol. 1 of 2: Being a comprehensive account of their manners and customs, and of their physical, social, mental, moral and religious characteristics
Wood, J. G. (John George)
Anthropology; Ethnology; Manners and customs
After the Ox of the Girl has been furnished, it is solemnly
slaughtered, and this constitutes the binding portion of the marriage.
Up to that time the father or owner of the girl might take her back
again, of course returning the cattle that had been paid for her, as
well as those which had been presented and slaughtered. Our heroine,
Uzinto, afforded an example of this kind. The bridegroom had a natural
antipathy to the chief, who had tried to marry the lady by force, and
showed his feelings by sending the very smallest and thinnest ox that
could be found. The chief remonstrated at this insult, and wanted to
annul the whole transaction. In this he might have succeeded, but for
a curious coincidence. The father of the bride had finally quarrelled
with his chief, and had been forced to follow the example of his
daughter and her intended husband, and to take refuge in Natal. Just
at the wedding he unexpectedly made his appearance, and found himself
suddenly on the way to wealth. His daughter was actually being married
to a man who had engaged to pay ten cows for her. So he did not
trouble himself in the least about the size of the ox that was to be
slaughtered, but accepted the animal, and accordingly became owner of
the cows in question, _minus_ those which had to be paid as honorary
gifts to the disappointed chief and the successful lover.
After the ceremonies are over, the husband takes his wife home, the
character of that home being dependent on his rank and wealth. But when
the couple have fairly taken up their abode, the father or previous
owner of the wife always sends one ox to her husband. This ox is called
the Ox of the Surplus, and represents several ideas. In the first place
it is supposed to imply that the girl’s value very far exceeds that
of any number of oxen which can be given for her, and is intended to
let the bridegroom know that he is not to think too much of himself.
Next, it is an admission on the father’s side that he is satisfied
with the transaction, and that when he dies he will not avenge himself
by haunting his daughter’s household, and so causing the husband to
be disappointed in his wishes for a large family of boys and girls,
the first to be warriors and extend the power of his house, and the
second to be sold for many cows and increase his wealth. So curiously
elaborate are the customs of the Kaffirs, that when this Ox of the
Surplus enters the kraal of the husband it is called by another name,
and is then entitled “The Ox that opens the Cattle-fold.” The theory
of this name is, that the husband has paid for his wife all his oxen,
and that in consequence the cattle-fold is empty. But the ox that she
brings with her reopens the gate of the fold, and is looked upon as an
earnest of the herds that are to be purchased with the daughters which
she may have in the course of her married life. These curious customs
strongly remind us of the old adage respecting the counting of chickens
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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